Good evening. We are calling to order the Plantation City Council workshop on the Broward County Solid Waste and Recycling Authority Master Plan. This is our workshop this evening, and I'd like to call the meeting to order at 5.01. Ms. Begaro, please call the roll. Councilmember Anderson? Here. Councilmember Andreu? Here. Councilmember Fajan? Here. Councilmember Horland? Here. Councilmember Reinstein? Here. Mayor Sortel? Here. Assistant City Attorney Morgan? Here. Thank you. Thank you, Ms. Begaro. Ms. Morris, do you want me to just jump in? Okay. So, my colleagues, you know that we have been working toward getting the Solid Waste Master Plan approved. That was approved by the Solid Waste Executive Committee, and now we are on the clock of 120 days to get it approved by the 28 cities. So, this is our first workshop. After tonight, if you feel that you have more questions, we can certainly schedule another one. I know that Ms. Morris has the dates blocked out, but I'd just like to speak briefly. This has been a very long process. I think, as of late, a lot of our frustrations have faded away with the appointment of our new Executive Director, Mr. Sam May, who we will meet shortly. But tonight, Sam is just going to kind of go through where we are, where we need to get to to approve this master plan. And I'd just like to make two comments before he does that. As I've been going out in my role as President of the League of Cities and also Executive Board Member to the other commissions and councils in the 28 cities to support this effort, two things to keep in mind. We have finite space available at the capacity at the landfill, and there will not be another waste-to-energy plant built in Broward County. Originally, when the Solid Waste Authority was authorized to move forward, we thought at that point we might own assets. That will not be the case because there just is not land for us to build anything. And as I brought up in Sunrise last night, the Miami Herald published an article on April 19th that I thought was very interesting. And it's in regards to Miami-Dade County, and as you know, their waste-to-energy plant burnt down three years ago. And they've been trucking their solid waste up to Okeechobee. It is estimated that this year it's going to cost them $65 million just for this fiscal year to truck that waste up to Okeechobee. And now what's happening is Port St. Lucie County is saying, we don't want this coming through our county anymore. So we will not be able to truck our way out of this. We need to make a decision for the sustainability of this county and for future generations. So I hope that if any questions you have, I know Ms. Moore has provided a lot of backup material that you asked Mr. May while he's here. And then we will have the consultant, Daniel Deitch, here as well to go through the presentation. So with that, I'd like to introduce Mr. Samuel May, who is the new executive director of the Solid Waste Authority of Broward County. And Mr. Daniel Deitch just walked in. Great. Thank you. It's okay. We're starting, Daniel. Daniel is experiencing some of that South Florida traffic. So good afternoon, mayor, vice mayor, city attorney, city clerk, some of the people in the back, city administrators, and the audience. So we're here to talk about the Solid Waste Authority. Thank you for the introduction there, Council Member Horland. And Council Member Horland is a very, very vital part of the governing board, which is also, she's on the executive committee of the Solid Waste Authority. She's one of the leaders of that authority. So I just want to let you know that you have a very active and involved leader here sitting amongst you. And she's extremely knowledgeable on everything going on with what the authority is trying to accomplish. So here's my clicker here. There you go. So we are in a Solid Waste Crisis. Currently, we have to fragment the system with higher costs and control. This is a once-in-a-generation way to fix this whole problem that we have. So right now, all the cities are competing, not really against each other, but they're out there on their own, you know, going to the disposal facilities and trying to get the best prices that they can from these disposal places, such as FCC, which is the will-a-brader. Well, the old will-a-brader is the FCC, which is a waste of energy. We have the landfills that we have, the recycling centers. But everybody is basically out there on their own. So this way here, what we're looking to do is try to combine everybody, all resources together, so we can create the economies of scale to get better pricing and do better for our environment. Go a little bit more. Why is the change necessary? We have an over-reliance on landfills and waste of energy. We have a limited capacity, rising cost. The cities negotiating alone have less leverage with more risk. There's a long-term economic impact. If we stay fragmented, our recycling rate is low and continuing to decrease. However, the city of Plantation has a very good recycling rate. Thank you for your efforts on that. So I just want to throw that out there, that you probably have one of the best recycling rates in the county. Everyone should model after Plantation. So thank you for what you're doing there, and you're part of that. So we are, you know, it's true that you do have a very good recycling rate, recycling rate, meaning your contamination levels are very low, and that's the big part of it. We did a tour of the facility today, the FCC tour, and one of the biggest things you see when you look out there is all this contamination. It's not contamination because for them it doesn't really matter, but it's, you know, all the cardboard that's in there. It's like, wow, that cardboard could be recycled. I mean, it's just massive amounts of cardboard that's going there that should be going to be recycled and be reused, you know, because we've got valuable resources just being, you know. It is being used as waste of energy, but it would be nice if it was recycled and be repurposed and reused. Sam, did you notice all the Plantation Blue bags at the – I did see all the Plantation Blue bags. I have photos of it. You're waiting for a truck to dump that. It was very nice seeing those Plantation Blue bags there. But that was not worth any of the recycling stuff. The Plantation Blue bags are at the recycling facility. We can extract value from our waste stream by recovering materials that can be reused locally. That's the big thing on that. Doing nothing is the most expensive option. So the strength and unity, combining power, it means lower stable prices. We get the most favored nation, pricing for all the members, protection from market spikes, and long-term control of our financial future. I mean, most of the people here, you know that if your public works department went out to buy some trucks, if they were just buying it as a city of Plantation, they would get a decent price, a little bit off the MSRP. But when they go and buy the trucks and they use a Florida sheriff's contract, they can get the rock-bottom prices because they're combining with all the sheriff's associations in the state of Florida and with the counties and with all the municipalities that are part of that co-op and get the best pricing. And that's kind of what we're doing here. We're creating a very large co-op for pricing purposes. So we've got really two areas. One of them is to get the best pricing on our disposal. The other one is to encourage the reduction of the amount of waste that's going into the landfill, reusing things, and recycling. So we're looking at all three and also getting the best prices. The best prices is key. So big impact for a minimum of cost. The average home impact to be part of the authority is going to be 24 cents a month. I'm not sure how you – oh, you have a totally different model with the pay-as-you-throw, so you don't have a solid waste assessment. I would have to figure out how it would impact your pay-as-you-throw situation. I know that when it goes to – right now, it's based on the population. It's going to be based on tonnages in 27 and 28 – I'm sorry, in 28 and 29 and 30. Then after 2031, it will be a solid waste assessment, non-ad valorem tax, through a solid waste assessment, basically, coming from the Solid Waste Authority. Sam, not to interrupt you, but currently, while we do have pay-as-you-throw, there is also an assessment on the water bill. Oh, okay, so it's on your water bill. So if that's the case, it would be – if you're charging a surcharge on that water bill then, or if you're charging a water bill, a rate on the water bill, it would be a surcharge on the water bill basically of about 24 cents a month or so, somewhere in that range there. There's a long-term cost stability, continuous recycling education. They'll be building some convenience recycling drop-off locations, making it easier for everyone to recycle with cleaner and healthier communities. So when you're going to negotiate with whoever it may be, the waste to energy, recycling facilities, whoever it may be, if you're going to tell them if you're just a city that has a certain amount of solid waste that they're producing and you've got a five-year contract with them, they're going to give you a price. But if you go there and you tell them that you want to give a 20-year contract with them and you've got all of the waste of all the county that you can guarantee them for the next 20 years, then they can – one, they can give you a way better price for that, and they can also – they can invest in their facilities because they know that they're going to have that return, that steady flow coming in. It's not like you're going to be going somewhere else. It's going to be a guaranteed revenue source for the next 20 years of whoever it may be. So that's a big thing for the processing facilities and the disposal facilities, is that they can budget accordingly over the next 20 years, and they will have a guaranteed revenue stream, which all of your finance people, that's what they want to know. They want to have something that's guaranteed, that they know what those expenditures are going to be, not just next year, but five years from now, 10 years from now, 20 years from now. And that's a really hard thing to do in government because, you know, things fluctuate up and down for anything. You know, gas prices spike it up. Price of oil spikes it up. Price of metals spike it up. COVID spikes it up. Everything, you know, spikes it up. And it seems like when they go up, they just never come back down. You know, they never come back down to where they were. So, you know, if we can get these long-term prices set, then it will take care of those spikes. Let's keep going here. So this is funding the authority. This is how the authority will be funding. Today, each city negotiates its own rates. Even if you have your disposal rate as included in your collection, it's still in there. You know, you may have it as part of disposal and collection, but it's still there. You may just see one unit, but it's included. The costs are subject to market volatility, and you're unable to control or mitigate future costs. What's going to happen in the next five years or ten years? We know that we're under the global agreement right now, and everybody's enjoying that pricing. But when that goes away, I think it's good until 2028, and there may be another five-year term. But after that, then what's going to happen? Who knows what's going to happen? And that's what we're trying to stabilize by getting a 20-year, 30-year, or even a 40-year contract out there with these disposal facilities. So in FY27, it's going to be based on there's going to be a three-phase approach on how the revenue will be collected. Right now, it's based on your population. Your contribution will be similar to what you're paying in 2026. In FY28 to 30, it will be a surcharge. It'll start out at $2.22, and then it goes up incrementally up to $2.52. In FY30, just a little CPI increase. FY31, it'll go from $2.72. It just continues that CPI increase up to $3.17 per ton. The average household produces about 1.3 tons. But if you just compare it and just look at, okay, what if you're way low on the low side and it's at $3 a ton, then the average family will be paying then $3 per year extra on their, whether it's a yearly assessment or a monthly assessment, it's $3 per year. Just say if it was $2 a ton, if Plantation was very high and their average rate was $2 a ton, you're still talking about $6 per year. So it's somewhere between $3 and $6. We're using $1.3 as an average for our example, and it's $2.22 to $3.17, but I just used $3, so just to make the numbers really easy to calculate and explain to you that it's not a lot of money, really, when you look at it overall that it's $3. So divide, you know, if it's $6, you're talking about $0.50 more on your water bill per month. And that's at the very high end in 2030, that'll be about 2032, if you're producing two tons per household, which is a very high amount. So anyway, you'll see in the slide, the example here is 1.3 tons. At the beginning it's $2.22 per ton, which takes us to $2.89 per year, which is $0.24 per month. As I said, the example I showed you went up to the extreme high side of $3 with two tons generated. It's still $6.50 per month. So it's just that amount, you know, I don't want to make it seem like it's nothing, but, you know, when you look at everything, all the other costs that we have going on around us and something that can guarantee stable prices over that time period, more than likely it's going to pay for itself over many times. If you weren't part of it and in 2033 the prices jumped up $10 a ton, which they could do very easily, there are some cities right now that are paying right now. We're paying $57.49 if you're part of a global agreement, which I know that Plantation is. There are some cities that are paying $62, some that are paying more than that even, that are not in the global agreement right now. And large cities also, they're paying like $63 a ton. So they're paying $5 more than what you're paying right now. They're not part of that global agreement. So what do you get? Lower processing disposal costs, market protection over the long term, eight new drop-off centers. That's one thing, you know, I said before, the Solid Waste Authority will be building eight recycling drop-off centers for things if you can't make your recycling for some reason, you want to just take regular recycling there, or some of the harder things to recycle, maybe household hazardous waste or electronics waste or things like that that you have the special days for, those will be readily available so you can take that to those drop-off centers. And those drop-off centers are not processing centers at all. They'll be like, you know, a little small half-acre lot somewhere that'll be a place that you can drop your recycling materials off to. One thing I found out when I was at the, I went to the new recycling center and talking about shredded paper, and shredded paper, as they said, was very highly, high on the market, the commodity market, they said, but they don't take it because it binds up their machines. However, it would be great if we could just take our shredded paper to one of these drop-off centers and drop it off. Not saying, we don't know what this is going to be at the drop-off centers, what we're taking, the commodities that will be taken there, or the recyclable materials. However, that would be a good one to have there. You know, so anyway. So the next thing is the expanded programs. Eventually, we'll get into food, bulk waste, yard waste, all kind of organic recyclable materials to be able to make compost. Organic compostable materials. Sam, I think you hit your button. If you can go back to it. Sorry about that. You're like I am. You talk with your hands. Yeah. It's not good when you've got the button in your hand. Yeah, go forward. While you're doing that, I just want to mention, we've got a couple of things going on simultaneously. One of those is the Education Committee, which is headed by Lauderdale Hill Commissioner, Melissa Dunn, and our friend, Vice Mayor Nancy Mater, was a big part of that from Coral Springs. And that has been really a big part and will continue to be a big part of that. Do you recall, I know Daniel knows the number, what does Palm Beach County spend on education? Daniel? Four million dollars. Four million dollars a year on recycling education. And they've really got a uniformed system, which is we will not be able to be Palm Beach, but we're trying to get some uniformity in the county. And the other thing that we've talked about is also an ordinance for construction and demolition debris. So a C&D ordinance countywide to keep the heavy materials out of the landfill. Right, and so for that C&D ordinance, I mean, one of the things that I'm looking at is instead of it going straight to a landfill, it will have to go to a processing center first to pull the recyclable materials out of it because C&D, construction and demolition debris, has an extremely large amount of recyclable material in it. It's like 50 percent or more recyclable material that you can pull out of it. And so it'll have to go, it can't go straight to the landfill. It'll have to go into a processing facility first. The public education campaign, a large portion of the budget that that money is being spent on, that dollar amount there, is for public education. I mean, so that's really the gist of it all is public education. Some of it will be for putting out RFPs and things of that nature. But as you can see, it's not a lot of money that's there, but it's for public education. So you'll maintain the control of the collection and the solid waste management destiny. And one thing about the whole Solid Waste Authority, too, is that the Solid Waste Authority is made up of all the cities. It's not like there's some entity out there. It's the cities. It's all the cities is what it is. It's the governing board is one person from each city that's represented. And that governing board, which has one elected official from each city, those elected officials, it's divided up into large, medium, and small cities, and they select the person that they want to represent them. So the large cities have, I believe, five representatives and then three for the medium and two for the small cities. And the governing board selects the people to represent them, and they selected Council Member Horland to represent them in one of the large cities. So, yeah, it's a conglomeration of all the cities is what the authority is. The decision is to stay fragmented, meaning higher costs, less control, environmentally dangerous. Joining together means lower costs, long-term stability, and taking care of our environment. So that's the decision that you have to make. And that's it. So if there's anything else that you'd like to ask of me. Yeah, I think we'll open it up to questions for you and for Daniel. Daniel, yeah, and so I'd like to introduce it. He came in a little bit late, but this is Daniel Deitch. He's with SES Engineers, and Daniel has to answer almost all of your technical questions. And if he can't, he can find them out by tomorrow. That's for sure. And I think, and if you didn't touch upon it, Sam, I think it's important for everyone to understand, too, that we will still control our hauling contracts. Yes. So this is just about disposal and recycling. And, again, if we choose not to join the authority and the authority goes away, we will be at the mercy of the markets. So this is a way to control those prices. So I'm going to buzz my colleagues in. We're going to start with Council Member Reinstein and then Council Member Andreou. And Mr. May or Mr. Deitch can answer your questions. Go ahead, Council Member Reinstein. Great. Thank you, Council President Horland. And thank you very much for the presentation. A couple questions. One, you mentioned the $4 million that is the cost of education in Palm Beach and said the obvious that we're not going to reach those levels. But in terms of the levels that we may reach, what kind of cost of education has the authority considered that will be necessary to really make a dent or an impact in Broward? I'm going to let Daniel come up and speak on that because he's got the exact numbers on what the proposals are. Daniel, if you can come up. But I can tell you the big portion of this is education. And so, you know, disseminating the information throughout the school system, you know, any events that we have. And we're doing that now, putting it out to events that are, if you have any kind of events that are in plantation, they're reaching out to all the cities and trying to set up booths and tables or whatever to get information out on proper recycling and what to do and information about the authority in itself. So, Daniel? Daniel comes up also. Two weeks ago, there was also a PIO meeting from all the cities that was hosted in plantation. And, again, getting all the PIOs from every city on board, social media, promotion, websites, events. So, that has been ongoing. And also, before I turn it over to Daniel, not only we've engaged the schools but also major employers in Broward County. So, the Panthers have been a leader. City Furniture, so some organizations and businesses like that. Daniel? Thank you very much. Again, Daniel Deitch, SES Engineers. Let me start by saying that the concept is the authority is the hub that's developing the information, the education and outreach program, and all of the members of the authority are the spokes that form the wheel. So, we're taking on the responsibility of developing those materials. We're not starting from scratch. We've been developing the collateral materials over the past two years, and as Council President shared, that information has been disseminated through the public information officers of each ILA community. But to answer your question, we relied on members of our team and industry exemplars of what the appropriate level of investment is. So, one of the benchmarks that we used is from the Recycling Partnership. I'm not sure if you're familiar with them, but they're a non-governmental organization that works with governments, funded really through industry, to help move the needle on recycling, not just participation, but also quality, because as we shared earlier, contamination works against everybody. It adds cost to the entire system. So, our benchmark is $10 per household per year is what we're aiming for in terms of investment. And where does that money come from? So, as the Executive Director indicated, we're moving away from a population-based revenue-generating mechanism to what we believe is a fairer or more equitable approach using tonnage. So, the tonnage is agnostic to source, whether it's residential or commercial. So, that cost is spread across all of the tons that are generated in the county. So, we're in the range of millions of dollars. And what we also know is that it takes a significant investment to ramp up the program, building on what we've already started. It does taper off over time, but at no point can we take our foot off the gas, because the industry literature and our experience shows that when you stop the education and outreach efforts, we backslide. So, probably one of the better examples in terms of metrics, when the old system was in place, the Resource Recovery Board, Broward County as a whole was recycling about 60% of its waste. The most recent year that data is available is 2024. The total recycling rate in the county is 38%. That includes a 9% credit for waste going to the waste energy facility. So, if we think of it just in terms of the recyclable materials, cans, bottles, fiber, Broward County is less than 30% today. So, that's less than half of what it was 14 years ago when there was a system and, you know, sort of a uniform education and outreach program. So, Council President, can I ask a follow-up? Yes, ma'am. So, when you're talking about the investment, I think I heard $10 per household per year. And talking about, you also mentioned contamination, and you've acknowledged that plantation has a very low-level contamination. I don't see anywhere, and I'm not even familiar with anywhere in Broward that is currently doing any type of incentives for recycling. But they have in the past, and there are, I think, other locales that are. So, have you thought about, in terms of that investment that is also a form of education, is that some type of incentives to increase that recycling percentage throughout the county? Yeah, there have been various initiatives that have been tried, implemented around the country. You may be familiar with one of the more popular ones called Recycle Bank. That program has largely gone away. It was benefiting those that recycle. It really wasn't an incentive to somebody that wasn't recycling in the first place. And all it did was add a cost to the recycling program. So, we're not advocating for that sort of approach. But what the executive director was sharing with me is the quality of the recyclables going to a processing facility is critically important. Because ultimately, what they're doing is processing and creating commodity streams out the back end. So, that, the way that we plan to structure the processing agreement, and I can touch, I can explain that a little bit more if it's helpful, is to incentivize not only the ILA communities, but also incentivize the processor to extract the maximum value from the waste stream. So that there is a revenue sharing on the sale of recyclable materials. We have made assumptions in terms of what we believe a tipping fee should be with everybody working together. We have focused just on the tipping fee number itself, because there are a lot of factors to consider, ways, levers that can be pulled, and incentives that can be embedded in the processing contract. And we'll be laser focused on that when we're preparing the solicitation, engaging with the marketplace, and ultimately going to contract for long-term processing of recyclable materials. So, the incentives at the resident level has not proved beneficial in other locations that have used it? No, but I can say with great certainty that monitoring and oversight is critically important. So, having that education and outreach and oversight extend all the way to the curb and let people know, right? We tell them in the first place, this is what is acceptable in the program, but also monitoring what they're actually doing. So, we're moving people, you know, towards better decision-making in terms of whether their waste stream goes in the waste bin appropriately, or it's recyclable material that should go in the recycling cart or bag, as you now have. Thank you. And before I turn it over to Council Member Andreu, I was at a presentation the other night, and the hauling company stated that they have cameras on their truck, which I was not aware of. And so, when they pull the recycling from that resident, they can see what's in there, and there's contamination. In that case, the resident could get fined with that hauling company. So, I thought that was interesting. Council Member Andreu. Thank you, President Corlin. Thank you, Executive Director May. I know you kind of joined in the third quarter, if you will, and I've received all of your emails because I am the backup for Council Member Horlin. She rarely, I think only once, has ever missed a meeting where I had to attend. So, I greatly appreciate her serving, and the rest of the members who have done the heavy lifting for us on this master plan, which I am in favor of. I do have a few questions, though. I'm trying to figure out the timeline. So, I know that fast approaching, you'll need a formal vote from us. So, I think that Ms. Morris has that date already maybe in mind of when that's going to come before us on the agenda for a formal vote, and why she's coming up. So, after all of the municipalities take that formal vote, what is the next step in terms of the negotiations? And so, I'm just trying to get a timeline of your activities. And then, also, there were about two or three municipalities that had not joined. What is the status of those entities, if you know? Let me start at the beginning, and we'll take the first question first. In terms of when the facilities amendment will come before you for a vote, if you recall, there's a lot of material here. There's a lot of stuff to unpack. Thus far, we've kept it at a really high level, and if everybody's comfortable there, great. We have a workshop tonight, and at your next meeting, I will bring forth the resolution approving the facilities amendment for your consideration. If there's a desire to get further into the weeds, and a second workshop is necessary, we have held the date of May 13th for a second workshop. If we do that, I will bring it forward for you on May 27th, I believe the date is. It's the last meeting in May. I don't want you to feel like you're going to get a night off if you skip the May 13th workshop, because guess what? I've got a substitute for you, so you can take that out of the calculation. In terms of the ILA itself, from the date that the documents were transmitted to the cities, the cities have 120 days to act. That gets us to around August 15th, so that's the deadline. So we have plenty of time we can discuss as much or as little as you would like. I am quite sure that both Daniel and Sam would like for us to get this done quickly, because they've got a long list of cities, and having done the 31-city tour, it's draining. And I'm sure that they would like to get us taken care of, and I don't know, maybe they'll plan a summer vacation or something. So I'll leave the rest to you guys. So the other – once this is passed, and Carol was right about the timeline, it really has to be August 15th is a Saturday, so August 14th is a Friday. We have to have all the information back in an executed agreement from the cities by that time. We'd like to have it – I know a lot of the commissioners like to take – council people like to take off for summer breaks also. So if we can – the sooner the better, but we're here to answer any questions that you have. You can reach out to myself, and I will schedule Daniel or whoever we need to get to answer your questions, you know, whatever questions you may have. So you can schedule those through Carol or through Elisa with our – she's the executive assistant for the Solid Waste Authority, and she will be happy to, you know, get you in touch with us, and we'll sit down one-on-one and go through anything – any questions that you may have. As far as the next steps, the first thing we're going to be doing is starting to prepare the RFPs for the disposal facilities, and also get started on the construction of the eight recycling drop-off centers. So those are the key things that will happen next are those things. Let's meet the heavy left. Council Member Andre, your question about the cities that did not join were not answered, and I'm going to answer that because I'm going to offer an opinion, and it's just my opinion. So those cities chose not to join at the beginning of the juncture, and it's more than three years. It's like five or six years has been going on. My opinion, and the executive committee will make that decision. I don't think that – we would love them for them to join us, but I think there should be some type of, you know, I don't want to use the term penalty, but I don't think you just, you know, let everybody else, 28 cities do the work, and then you jump in. You want to jump in on that? Because it's my opinion. I'd like to say one thing also is that two of those cities – let's just say the larger – two of the larger cities – have already come to me and asked me what it would take for them to get involved in the authority. So there's interest. So there's definitely interest. Now that we're just about to cross the finish line. Yes. And they asked what it would take to join us, so that's going to be a decision of the governing board. Once again, the governing – it goes back to the governing board and the executive committee. And we welcome that. But I would think that there would be some type of, you know – Financial. We've had a lot – hundreds of meetings, so I think that – I think that – Well, to your point, there is a buy-in provision. So all of this goes back to the interlocal agreement. So the facilities amendment, the document that you actually be – that will be before you for a vote, is really the first amendment to the interlocal agreement. I will tell you it is a thick document. It's a legal document, but it would – I mean, sort of – it's our guiding document. But also to put a final point on how do we get to yes to a future solid waste authority, it requires a vote by population. Eighty percent of the members by population need to say yes for the authority to exist. We are hopeful that we will have that answer well in advance of August 15th so that we can continue the work that we've started so that we don't lose any momentum. You know, and critical to that is the education and outreach. You are about to see – pay attention to social media and the news – you are going to see what I guess has been referred to over the last year as flooding the zone. There is going to be a lot of great information out there, including the opportunity for your residents to take a pledge to get on board with us. Because really what we're trying to do is build the biggest tent possible. So we have activated businesses and community organizations to build support for this, even going to the point of inviting – and there's been active participation of a Broward County School Board member in the subcommittee focused on education and outreach because we know how important that pathway is. So part of the work that we have done and will continue to do is develop curriculum that can be deployed within the school system. Thank you, Daniel. We just haven't – buy-in provision sounds better than penalty. We haven't determined what that cost is going to be yet. Okay. But we would love to welcome them into the town. Yes. Thank you. Do you have any other questions, Councilor Randall? No, thank you. I want to also just thank former mayor of Sunrise, Michael Ryan. He's a mayor, not former. He's still mayor. Oh, no, after last night, maybe he's not. I do. Sorry. As of last night. Current mayor. I can't keep up sometimes. He's a chair. But I know he did a great – I think it was an op-ed and has also just kept all of us very much informed as well as, of course, President Horland. But I wanted to publicly thank him, too, for all of his work. Thank you for that. All right. Councilmember Fadgen. Thank you, Council President. I think this was just answered. So if the member cities decline or don't vote in favor of this plan, we need 80 percent of the cities to agree to it for this to be implemented? 80 percent based on population. 80 percent. Okay. Yes. So our vote's a little bit stronger then. Yes. And then if it breaks that 80 percent threshold, all the member cities are – or they're out? The people who don't vote are not in. They'll be out. Yes. Okay. So they have to consent to this with our vote. Right. And we have to hit 80 percent of the population. Correct. Okay. Thank you. Anybody else? Mayor? Councilmember Anderson? No? Okay. Ms. Morris, did we hit all the points that you think we needed points? And I want to say, well, Ms. Morris is coming up here. I know she'll come up. It has been my honor to represent our city on there. She didn't exactly put a gun to my head, but you know that Ms. Morris said we need a seat at the table. And I'm happy that I've been able to do it. But I couldn't do what I do without Carol Morris. Her knowledge, her attention to detail are just incredible. And there have been many times where I've had to rely on her. She really is the trash – the queen of trash, right? But no, really, Carol, your knowledge has just been incredible. Thank you. I appreciate your support. And, you know, I would be remiss if I didn't point out at the same time I was leaning on you to take the executive committee at the SWA. Leaning. I was encouraging Council Member Fadgen to take the executive board at the MPO. So, you know, seats on executive boards, especially in county-wide committees, are really, really important because that's where the key decisions get made. And if you really want to have input into the final product, you've got to be there. And it frequently means a lot of work. And in terms of the SWA, it definitely has been a lot of work. I think I shared pretty much everything I had in terms of thoughts regarding this with you in some of the documents I've shared with you over the last few weeks. It's clear what we're doing now isn't working. We've got to find a better way forward. Is this perfect? I don't think so. I think there's lots of ways that maybe we can get to a better product. But this is where we're at today. And honestly, if it doesn't move forward, is it going to take us another 30 years to figure out we need to make another run at it? That's really not doable. It's been an interesting experience. And let's just say that Matt is probably sorry that he ever heard the word garbage, because over the last month, I have not only drug him through the Waste Management MRF, but today drug him through FCC's Waste Energy Plant. I encourage any of you who haven't seen those facilities to go out and visit them. The technology's changed a lot, and, I mean, I've got a few gray hairs. I saw the plant that burned to the ground in Miami-Dade when it was new. And what we're looking at here in Broward County is decades ahead of it. So, you know, again, is it perfect? No, but it's probably as good as we're going to get to, and the best opportunity is for us to take it and try and move forward and continue to influence the decisions there. I think we've often said, because there's a history here, and we have to understand what came before and what was not done. And primarily the reason we did not become Palm Beach, unfortunately, were the decisions that were made in the past. But the leaders of today now have to make the hard decisions, and we can't let, you know, perfect be the enemy of good. So, I thank you for that. Councilmember Anderson has a question. Sir. Only because there's a little bit of time left, and I figured this is when we're allowed to talk to each other about things. I did look at the Get to Yes presentation and so forth, but I'm sorry. I just have a lot on my plate right now. Is this, will this facility be owned by all the members? Or is, like, because I remember with the waste energy, that was a big problem. So, I don't remember how, what the – The only thing we're going to own, right, Sam, are going to be those drop-off centers. At this point in time, all we're going to be having are eight drop-off centers. And those drop-off centers are very simple, basically, you know, a quartered, half an acre parcel with an asphalt and a fence around it and some dumpsters. But they're not going to be quite that basic, but basically that. We're not going to have to be making, you know, a processing facility or a waste of energy facility like what was done in the past. There's enough facilities in the county that we have right now that we can utilize all the facilities and make everything we have work for a long time. So, we're not looking to do that. And there's a part in the facilities amendment that's called the wind-down period. And it talks about, even with those recycling centers, how it will be distributed and any funds that are left over, how that will be distributed amongst the cities that have put into it. So, that's all in there. But there's not going to be really any huge facilities that are there. That's not the plan at this time, you know, to have anything like that. Unless, of course, the governing board comes up and says they want to do that. And we find some land. Right. But that's not on the board. Just to walk you back a second. I'm sorry, Senator. That's okay. Just to walk you back a second. As a part of the master plan, which Mr. Deitch's firm worked on, they did an analysis of the waste generation in the county as well as the volume and the types. They then did an extensive inventory of public and private facilities existing in Broward County and what their capacities are. All of this led into development of scenarios and assumptions regarding what our future looks like. But the bottom line is the brain trust tells us that we are good with the facilities that exist at this time. So, at this time, what's proposed in the master plan is not a massive investment in new capital facilities. Does that help? Yeah. So, they're kind of operating in silos. And by bringing them all together, we'll better utilize everything and lower the rates by having agreements and everything. Or at least keep the increases lower. It's just synergy, yeah. Right. And I think the important thing is when I said in the opening that we have finite capacity at the landfill, so much of this plan is about diversion. So, it's, you know, the recycling, getting everybody on the same recycling program, you know, diverting our waste, the C&D, and keeping that at a landfill. So, somewhere in here it also said, I heard you say that it does not include, like, we still would have our own haulers. We would still bid for our own haulers. But something in here said that if you had, forget what they said, but essentially the same, if it was the same pickup, the same, if things were, whatever the word was. Harmonized? Yeah, you got it, Dennis. Standardized. If they had standardized. Harmonized. Harmonized, okay. Standardized. Does that mean no blue bags? But if we have pickup, like? No, we recognize that we're dealing with 29 governmental entities, and we want to be respectful of your authority. We're not trying to take that away from you. The decision was made during the working group to retain the collection program, because you know your community is best in how to service them. However, we are looking to, in order to maximize the beneficial use of waste streams, many communities commingle yard trash in bulk, which is, right, saves on the collection side, but adds cost on the processing side. So, you know, we have, the master plan is a strategic document, so it will be revisited over the next 40 years. It's not static. But, so we have to be mindful of what the current conditions are. I use an indelicate term to that transition period. It's sausage making. We have 29 governmental entities, all with their own collection contracts. It's going to take some time to line those up. Many of the ILA members are contemplating new procurements today. One of the things that was asked during the formation period of the government, the working group, was to identify receiving facilities, whether it's for processing or disposal, to identify them as designated facilities, as a defined term. But each municipality or the county holds the keys in determining or designating what that facility is. And that will give the authority, the flexibility, when we work together to secure processing and disposal contracts, to say, you're going to take it here. Because working together, we can get the best possible price. One more thing. This is not really for them. It's just about garbage in general. I thought of, if we are keeping the bags for the time being for a while, could we add to our recycling clear bags the recycling numbers that we take? A lot of people don't know the 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6. Can we print those on the bag? It's not that hard to add a few more words onto the bag, a few more letters or numbers onto the bag, which would help with education. Right there in their bag, they can't have that number in it. There are some interesting things going on in terms of recycling education. When we were at the MRF-TUR, which Waste Management runs the materials recycling facility, they're getting away from the numbers system and focusing on the neck of the bottle. And generally, if it has a neck and it's smaller at the top, it's recyclable, but the wide necks are frequently not. So they're trying to move into sort of a different concept of education there. We're obviously going to be moving forward, I mean, unless you direct otherwise through the end of our franchise agreement with our current arrangement of blue bags and plastic bags for recycling, we can have some conversation with the vendor as to what would be involved in getting that done and get back to you. But again, like I said, Waste Management, at least what they conveyed to us, was sort of a shift in how they're trying to educate people about that because people do get confused with all of the various and sundry numbers. And I think the other thing that you're going to see is, thinking positively, as the SWA gets stood up and recycling education becomes more pervasive, one of the things that they're really trying to do, and it's the harmonization word that is throughout the master plan, is to get cities on the same page relative to recycling. We have cities in Broward that do not collect recycling. We have cities in Broward that have drop-off centers and don't collect curbside. So, again, part of the concept here is to get everybody doing the same thing. Then we can put out one marketing material, one educational material that works for everybody in terms of what we recycle. And by being standard, instead of 28 or 29 entities all throwing out something a little bit different, we have a lot more educational power. Yep. That's it. Thank you. Thank you. Councilmember. Who will be on the evaluation committee once you put out the RFP? Are you going to have, like, a subcommittee from the Solid Waste Authority Board to serve on that evaluation committee? And I hope that Councilmember Horland will also be voluntold for that. Oh, I thought you may be volunteering for the record. But, yes, that is – I was picking you for that one. That is the approach. Because, ultimately, I mean, as you may know, and it's, again, prescribed in the ILA, the governing board has certain responsibilities, and the executive committee has certain responsibilities. We rely on the TAC also as a technical advisory committee because those folks – that's where the rubber meets the road. So the – I will admit, the engagement with TAC was slow to build momentum. But we are having very meaningful conversations with them about not only the master plan, but some of the related initiatives dealing with construction and demolition debris as well as commercial recycling. So I know we're not voting since this is a workshop, but do we have a consensus then to bring this back as a resolution on May 13th, Council President? So I was going to ask for a consensus. Does anyone feel that they need another workshop, or do we have a consensus to put this on an agenda? I'm good for May 13th. Okay. Can we also, though, get a commitment from you all to come back at some point to share with us the evaluation after – at whatever point you can. I know Cone of Silence and all those things. But whenever you can, come back again and update us on – On the RFP's? On where we are. Well, we can do that. We can make another tour after the 15th to come around and say what the next phase will be. That would be helpful. Okay. And if I may, I know that there was an executive summary of the master plan. And as you've stipulated, the master plan is thick. It's about 1,700 pages and two years of work. A lot of eight pages. It is condensed with a lot of graphics to tell the story in an executive summary. It has been updated, and we will make sure that you get a copy because there's an updated – Oh, okay. They already have it. It's more –