FULL HEARING: Senators Press Hegseth, Caine & Rollins on Iran War, Ukraine, Defense Budget — AC1E

[0:00] to testify on President Trump's supplemental funding request for the Department of War. [0:05] As you know, we live in a dangerous world that requires bold and swift action. [0:11] Hence, this supplemental request for fiscal year 2026. [0:16] This request is an urgent, necessary injection of resources to address the immediate needs of our department. [0:23] The supplemental funding request is not a substitute. [0:25] The witness will suspend until order is restored in the committee room. [0:46] I know that individuals feel very passionately, but we must have order in the hearing room so that we can proceed. [0:56] We're now going to move forward with our hearing, and Secretary Higset, please proceed. [1:04] Thank you. [1:04] The supplemental funding request is not a substitute for the president's full $1.5 trillion base budget request. [1:12] $1.5 trillion. [1:20] Mr. Secretary, please suspend until order is restored in the hearing room. [1:28] We will begin the timing clock since you've been interrupted twice. [1:34] Please proceed. [1:42] $1.5 trillion is what the president seeks and what we need to defend the country. [1:47] The members of this committee understand better than most that long-term strategic dominance cannot be funded through one-off supplementals. [2:04] We will have order in the hearing room. [2:14] Mr. Secretary, please proceed. [2:17] Collectively, the budget proposals submitted under President Trump follow a simple logic. [2:22] I would ask that the Capitol Police, whose professionalism I admire, remove those who are seeking to disrupt the hearing. [2:44] Please proceed. [2:45] President Trump's following a simple logic. [2:47] The military requires a generational investment to deliver on peace through strength. [2:53] We know the best way to create peace is to prepare for war, to deter it. [2:58] And that's exactly what the Department of War is doing, building a force so capable that it would be absurd for anyone to challenge it. [3:05] As the direct result of neglected priorities and gross negligence that ignored threats left over from the previous administration, [3:13] President Trump inherited a set of global and domestic crises, deferred maintenance almost across the board. [3:22] Instead of steering the ship through gathering storms, former leaders led our military language through social experiments and globalist appeasement, sheer weakness. [3:32] Under President Trump, we have built a different type of department. [3:36] The Pentagon is no longer run by bureaucrats. [3:39] Instead, it's led by combat-tested veterans and world-class business leaders who are running the department like a business, [3:47] and tech titans who are bringing lethal innovation to the battlefield. [3:52] We're also at a different moment, and we cannot afford inaction. [3:56] If we don't make critical investments right now in tech, in compute, in AI, in autonomy, in space, [4:04] our adversaries who are already making these types of investments could outpace us. [4:11] Without these funds, we face critical shortfalls that threaten our ability to also simply pay our service members, [4:17] rapidly replenish equipment and munitions, and sustain vital operations without disruption. [4:24] This supplemental request serves two purposes. [4:28] Sustain our military readiness to meet this year's new demands, [4:31] and accelerate critical capabilities to replace and augment those we have used in contingencies. [4:37] But make no mistake, this is not a one-for-one replacement. [4:41] We are upgrading and we are modernizing across the force. [4:45] On the readiness front, we requested $21 billion. [4:50] This will fund military pay, replace much of the equipment utilized during recent operations, [4:55] sustain forward-deployed forces, and grow personnel and strength [4:59] while stabilizing mission-critical fueled shortfalls and supporting the National Guard. [5:05] On the capability side, we requested $46 billion. [5:09] These funds will expand production lines and accelerate delivery of high-demand munitions. [5:15] We're talking about solid rocket motors, JDAMs, hypersonics, and counter-drone capabilities. [5:21] Additionally, we will use this investment to secure digital and space dominance, [5:26] including resilient satellite networks. [5:29] Department leadership recognizes that appropriating those funds is just the first step. [5:35] Once funds are appropriated, or apportioned, excuse me, to the department, [5:39] we need to promptly execute on them. [5:41] And that's why we're requesting targeted legislative authorities, [5:44] like Transfer Authority, to prioritize our greatest needs and opportunities, [5:48] multi-year procurement for weapons systems, [5:51] revolutionizing the speed and scale of munitions procurement and New Start authorities. [5:58] Rest assured that every dollar appropriated to the Department of War [6:02] will be focused on building the lethality of our joint force [6:05] and reinforcing peace through strength. [6:09] As I have said before, not fully funding this department, the Department of War, [6:15] and we know what that means, that that means $1.5 trillion, [6:20] given the world that we live in and the disaster of what the Biden administration budgets gave us, [6:24] not funding this department at $1.5 trillion, I believe, is the greatest threat that our nation faces. [6:31] Either we invest in our warriors at this moment of step change on the battlefield and growing threats, [6:38] or this is all just talk. [6:41] I look forward to working with this committee to secure those funds [6:43] so that our warfighters can continue to do their work every day [6:46] to keep our great republic safe. [6:48] Thank you very much. [6:49] Thank you, Mr. Secretary. [6:53] General King. [6:56] Chair Collins, Vice Chair Murray, distinguished members of this committee, [7:01] I'm honored today to appear before you with Secretary Hegseth [7:04] and Secretary Rollins to testify on the Department of War's [7:08] fiscal 2026 supplemental funding request. [7:12] And I'll note I fondly remember my time at USDA earlier in my career [7:16] where I had the chance to serve there. [7:17] I'm also joined today by my senior enlisted advisor, SEAC Dave Isom. [7:23] As always, I'm deeply grateful for this committee's continued partnership [7:27] and support for our common defense. [7:30] I'd like to begin by expressing my deep condolences [7:34] in that of the Joint Chiefs of Staff and the SEAC [7:38] for the fallen from this past weekend and their families. [7:42] Today, we remember First Lieutenant Tyler Feehan, [7:46] Sergeant Michael Swinton, and Private Isabel Gonzalez [7:50] and note that the names of our last fallen will be released when we can. [7:56] I'm humbled daily by the profound commitment [7:58] of the incredible 2.8 million Americans, [8:01] just like these names that I've just mentioned, [8:03] who make up our joint force and serve our nation every day. [8:08] Also, on behalf of the Joint Force and the Joint Chiefs, [8:13] I want to express my sincere and heartfelt condolences [8:16] to the family of Senator Graham for their loss [8:20] and all of you for the loss of your colleague. [8:23] The Joint Force remains grateful for his 44 years of service, [8:28] both in and out of uniform. [8:31] There is no doubt he made a difference [8:33] to the safety and security of our nation. [8:35] On July 22nd, 1940, General George C. Marshall said, [8:42] and I quote, [8:43] for almost 20 years, we had all of the time [8:46] and almost none of the money. [8:48] Today, we have all of the money and no time. [8:52] His words resonate powerfully with me today [8:55] as we find ourselves in a somewhat similar situation. [8:59] I've come to you today to request the necessary funds [9:03] while in the window of opportunity, [9:05] while time is still on our side. [9:09] The United States of America faces a global list [9:12] of military challenges in the Middle East, [9:15] in Europe, in the Pacific, [9:18] both nuclear and non-nuclear challenges [9:20] and the continued threat of terrorism. [9:23] We find ourselves living and leading [9:27] in complex and dynamic times. [9:29] Our adversaries are aligning in their interests, [9:33] creating simultaneous challenges across multiple domains. [9:36] They are sharing intelligence, [9:39] combat capabilities, and technology, [9:42] technology that is accelerating the speed of war. [9:46] It is an imperative that Americans understand [9:50] that the character of war is changing. [9:54] Advances in technology are fundamentally [9:56] and irreversibly changing the way we fight, [10:00] which necessitates capital to properly arm America's military. [10:06] Rapid advancements in AI, autonomous systems, [10:11] deliver critical technological advantages [10:14] to our national defense [10:15] and simultaneously introduce unprecedented strategic vulnerabilities [10:21] and uncertainty across the world, [10:24] to include right here at home. [10:26] The low barrier to entry created by affordable, [10:29] ubiquitous, unmanned systems [10:31] means our adversaries, rogue actors, [10:34] state and non-state actors, and violent extremists [10:38] have access to disruptive [10:39] and potentially lethal technologies at scale. [10:43] We've seen this in Ukraine, [10:45] and we must adopt elements of this fight [10:48] for our future fights. [10:50] Conflict is never confined neatly [10:53] to the land, sea, or air domains. [10:57] The modern battlefield stretches from the seabed [11:00] up to cislunar space and beyond. [11:03] Cyberspace and in the information domain [11:06] all at the same time. [11:09] Our nation must be prepared to fight and win [11:11] across all of them, all the time, all at once. [11:16] In addition, the light speed at which information travels now [11:19] has compressed our leaders' decision space, [11:23] taking what was once days or weeks in World War II [11:26] down to milliseconds. [11:28] Your joint force must be ready [11:30] because the United States military [11:32] is America's greatest insurance policy. [11:35] And I acknowledge all of us find it difficult at times [11:39] to pay for insurance before we need it. [11:42] But we must have insurance before the storm comes. [11:46] The armed forces of the United States of America [11:48] serves as our nation's ultimate safeguard [11:51] and our insurance policy [11:52] to preserve, protect, and defend [11:55] our national interests, security, and prosperity. [11:59] To uphold this responsibility, [12:01] we require predictable and consistent funding. [12:05] This will allow us to partner effectively [12:07] with our defense and national industrial bases, [12:10] building on acquisition reforms [12:12] that guarantee our warfighters receive capabilities [12:15] at scale before they are required [12:18] in conflict or combat. [12:20] I'm struck by this season of American history [12:22] we find ourselves in, [12:24] and I continue to ask myself, [12:26] if not now, then when, [12:29] and if not us in this room [12:30] and the rest of the Congress and the nation, then who? [12:33] I acknowledge the environment we all serve in, [12:36] but always remember that we are all Americans [12:39] with deep and abiding love of our nation [12:41] and our military service members and their families. [12:45] I've come today to ask for your help and your support. [12:48] America's armed forces need $1.5 trillion [12:52] to meet the military challenges of the future. [12:55] This supplemental is a part of that, [12:57] and to be allowed to use this capital [12:59] to pay for military personnel operations [13:01] and maintenance expenses [13:03] and accelerate investments on critical technologies [13:06] as the Secretary just mentioned. [13:09] It is critical that we stay ahead of our adversaries [13:11] and we must have the funds before we're out of time. [13:14] In closing, I ask all of us [13:16] to remember our deployed service members [13:19] around the world right now, [13:21] especially our Army teammates who remain deployed [13:24] after losing their friends and teammates this past weekend. [13:28] And I again ask all of us here in the Senate [13:30] and across the American people [13:32] to never forget our fallen and their families [13:35] who continue to show us what courage, tenacity, [13:39] grit, and commitment to the nation looks like. [13:42] Thank you very much, [13:43] and I look forward to your questions. [13:44] Thank you, General Secretary Rollins. [13:49] Thank you so much, Chairwoman Collins, [13:53] Ranking Member Murray, [13:54] and distinguished members of the committee. [13:57] Thank you for the opportunity to appear before you today. [14:00] Let me begin with the bottom line up front. [14:03] The United States Department of Agriculture [14:05] is joining today the United States Department of War [14:09] in a fight for America [14:11] and for American flourishing. [14:14] After all, defending America's ability [14:17] to feed and fuel and clothe herself [14:20] is defending America full stop. [14:23] This can be easily forgotten. [14:25] For centuries, we built farms and ranches [14:28] and transportation that fed not only America, [14:31] but the world, too. [14:32] For a long time, [14:34] that prosperity made America strong [14:37] and made America safe. [14:39] But across the past 100 years, [14:41] and especially across the last administration, [14:44] we took that source of strength in war and peace, [14:47] our farms and our ranches, [14:49] and the communities that surrounded them, [14:51] and we hollowed them out. [14:53] We made them weak, [14:55] and we put them on the precipice [14:57] of decline and extinction. [15:00] We sent our food production overseas. [15:03] In fact, 2023 was for the first time [15:06] a significant net importer of our food for America, [15:10] and in so doing, [15:11] we replaced American production [15:13] with massive amounts of imports. [15:16] We allowed and even encouraged [15:18] the consolidation of agriculture, [15:21] seed production, processing, [15:26] fertilizer, and beyond [15:27] into massive industries at scale. [15:31] Today, nearly 85% of our meat packing capacity [15:34] is controlled by just four companies, [15:37] including two that are foreign-owned. [15:39] Additionally, our largest pork company in America [15:43] is owned by a China company or China. [15:48] Four fertilizers in America now represent, [15:50] four fertilizer companies now represent 78% [15:53] of the production versus just a couple of decades ago. [15:57] That was in the dozens. [15:58] And two seed companies now produce [16:00] more than 50% of the seed for America. [16:04] These are national security implications. [16:07] When President Trump returned to office, [16:09] America's farm economy faced one of the most difficult [16:12] economic environments in decades. [16:14] Between 2020 and 2025, [16:17] the cost of seed rose 19%, [16:20] crop protection rose 30%, [16:22] fertilizer rose over 50%, [16:25] fuel and oils rose nearly 33%, [16:28] electricity 36%, [16:30] and repair and maintenance 27%. [16:33] As these costs climbed, [16:35] commodity prices plummeted. [16:37] Farm income fell by more than $90 billion [16:40] from 2023 to 2024, [16:44] representing one of the largest single-year declines in history. [16:48] At the same time, [16:49] producers saw not one new trade deal across the world, [16:53] resulting in an unprecedented $50 billion [16:56] agricultural trade deficit. [17:00] American farmers deserve better, [17:02] and our national security now demands it. [17:04] As long as we are beholden to foreign and even hostile countries [17:09] for our food and our fuel, [17:11] our freedom is in jeopardy. [17:14] Since my first day at USDA, [17:16] we have been committed to addressing this crisis head-on. [17:19] In addition to implementing the historic working families tax cuts, [17:23] thanks to so many in this room who worked so hard, [17:26] moving $40 billion in disaster and economic assistance [17:29] to producers across the country, [17:31] securing 19 new trade deals, [17:33] and decreasing that $50 billion agricultural trade deficit [17:38] in one year by 42%. [17:41] This year, our corn exports are expected to be at a record-breaking 35%, [17:46] ethanol up 11%, [17:48] dairy up 15%, [17:50] and tree nuts up 11%. [17:52] We are making progress, [17:54] but we have a ways to go. [17:56] Administrator Zeldin has secured [17:58] the strongest renewable fuel standard volumes in history, [18:01] and the president continues to support year-round E15 for our domestic markets. [18:06] We have led robust responses to animal health threats, [18:10] including HPAI and the New World Screwworm, [18:14] and have reduced unnecessary regulatory burdens [18:16] and partnered with producers [18:18] to strengthen the domestic demand for American agriculture. [18:21] These are lasting reforms [18:24] and will change the trajectory of American agriculture for the future. [18:28] The trade agreements will take time to fully execute and generate even more exports. [18:34] The biofuel investments take time to increase the demand for American crops, [18:39] although we're already seeing a 10% increase since just an announcement a month ago. [18:43] And, of course, on-shoring facilities like fertilizer [18:46] will continue to take some time to build out. [18:49] But we are confident that the direction of American agriculture [18:53] is changing for the better, [18:55] but many producers continue to face economic pressure [18:58] as we build that economic infrastructure out. [19:02] Specialty crop growers across the Northeast, [19:05] the Mid-Atlanta, the Pacific Northwest, [19:06] and Florida suffered devastating freeze losses this past winter. [19:11] Producers across the plains continue recovering from catastrophic wildfire [19:16] and events occurring while many operations [19:19] are still working to catch up financially. [19:22] That is why our proposal includes $10 billion [19:26] in temporary economic assistance [19:28] for 2026 row crop and specialty crop producers [19:32] and also includes $1.1 billion [19:34] to help producers recover from catastrophic freeze losses [19:38] suffered this past winter. [19:40] Congress has taken similar action over many decades, [19:43] and we're so grateful for that, [19:45] but including most recently, 2023 and 2024, [19:48] with economic aid and disaster relief aid [19:51] with the hurricane seasons. [19:53] I want to be 100% clear as I close, [19:55] for the sake of American national security, [19:59] American existence, and the American future, [20:01] we must, in the long run, end this system [20:04] that has grown up like a weed [20:06] and strangled the American farmland and food production. [20:10] Farmers want to farm for their products, [20:13] not for a government check. [20:14] They want to be free from dependency [20:16] and free to innovate. [20:18] We know what happens when they are able to do that. [20:21] They build and feed the greatest republic [20:23] in the history of man, [20:25] but when they aren't, [20:26] well, we know the danger that we are in today. [20:28] But that's why this supplemental is so important. [20:31] It provides a bridge [20:32] and extends a hand to Americans who need it. [20:35] It buys the nation the security that we need, [20:38] and it buys us time to deconstruct [20:41] and then reconstruct a new system, [20:43] putting our farmers and ranchers first [20:46] and to restore the system [20:48] that originally made America great. [20:51] For our farmers, [20:52] the defense of American freedom continues. [20:54] They only ask to be free to fight. [20:56] Thank you so much. [20:57] Thank you for your testimony. [21:00] We will now begin with questions for our witnesses. [21:05] As you can see, [21:06] we have a very full attendance of committee members today, [21:11] so I would ask that all of our colleagues [21:14] to please keep track of the clock [21:16] and stay within the allotted five-minute question time. [21:21] With that, let me begin. [21:23] Secretary Hicks said General Cain, [21:27] members on both sides of the aisle [21:29] have questions about the authorization strategy, [21:33] objectives, and conduct of operations in the Middle East. [21:38] Regardless of our differing views, [21:41] the fact remains that there are must-pay bills [21:45] and urgent requirements facing the department [21:49] that affect the ability of our military [21:52] to deter and defend against potential aggression worldwide. [21:59] Portions of the supplemental request [22:02] go toward paying these bills [22:05] and are necessary to restore readiness, [22:09] repair or replace battle damage [22:12] to aircraft, ships, or bases, [22:15] and address urgent munitions challenges. [22:19] I understand and am told [22:21] that some military services face near-term solvency challenges. [22:28] What will be the impact on our troops [22:32] if additional funding is not provided? [22:37] Are there military exercises, for example, [22:41] that are at risk of cancellation? [22:45] What message would we be sending to the world? [22:48] Secretary Hicks said either you or General Cain. [22:54] Chairwoman, I very much appreciate that question [22:57] and it's because it's connected [22:59] to the real-world realities of this budget cycle. [23:03] There is training, training right now [23:06] and training in the future [23:07] that would have to be curtailed [23:08] if we do not get our budget needs met and met urgently. [23:12] And yes, some of that has to do [23:14] with the current budget cycle [23:16] and how things come together. [23:18] But we are a department that for four years [23:21] met funding shortfalls [23:22] under the previous administration. [23:23] It was not a priority to fund the Department of Defense [23:25] under Joe Biden. [23:26] It also took the munitions [23:28] and a lot of the, there were five supplementals [23:31] out of this committee [23:32] that took munitions one for one [23:34] and sent them to Ukraine [23:36] and had tried to replace them [23:37] with the same bureaucratic process [23:38] that was too slow [23:39] and didn't replace them in real time. [23:41] And then there were threats [23:42] that were ignored around the world. [23:44] So you're looking at a lot of negligence [23:46] and a lot of deferred maintenance [23:48] that this department is having to catch up on. [23:51] And so that's why I call this [23:52] a generational investment. [23:53] It truly is. [23:54] This is $1.5 trillion budget [23:56] with this supplemental being part of it [23:58] is how we catch up and get ahead [24:00] and ensure in the process [24:02] we're putting soldiers and sailors [24:03] and airmen first, Marines first, guardians, [24:06] that their pay increases, [24:08] that the end strength increases [24:09] that have gone up [24:10] because recruiting is at historic levels [24:12] are fully funded. [24:13] So rather than trying to play catch up [24:15] and make sure we're not losing training, [24:16] we should be ahead of that curve. [24:18] And that's where we think [24:19] $1.5 trillion can get us. [24:21] Thank you. [24:22] Senator Cain, [24:24] Senator, I keep calling you [24:25] Senator, General Cain, [24:26] I'm going to ask you to respond for the record [24:30] because in my remaining time, [24:32] I do want to ask Secretary Rollins a question. [24:37] Secretary Rollins, [24:38] as we heard from the previous panel, [24:41] our country has many outstanding recovery needs [24:45] from disasters [24:46] and other weather-related events [24:50] over the past two years. [24:53] As this chart shows, [24:55] and this is a chart from your department, [24:59] many have unmet weather-related agricultural losses. [25:04] In Maine, many of our producers are struggling, [25:08] admit a combination of market volatility [25:11] and disaster conditions last year, [25:14] which included excessive rainfall in the spring, [25:18] followed by a severe drought. [25:21] They need relief. [25:22] Yet the administration's supplemental request [25:26] does not include funding [25:27] to address these recovery needs. [25:31] It does have $1.1 billion [25:33] to help Florida agricultural producers rebound [25:37] from a severe freeze this past winter, [25:41] but nothing for prior disasters in other states. [25:46] Can you explain USDA's thinking [25:49] behind focusing your request [25:53] just on the 2026 freeze [25:56] rather than on the 2025 disaster declarations [26:03] that you made? [26:07] Yes, Senator, thank you for that question. [26:09] Obviously, the discussions that went on [26:12] over at OMB and with our teams continue, [26:15] but what I will say is we are obviously 100% in support [26:19] of any sort of disaster relief program [26:22] for our farmers, [26:23] whether it's hurricane, tornado, drought, freeze, etc. [26:28] So look forward to working with you on that [26:30] and specifically understanding the larger context here [26:33] that there's a lot of farmers, [26:35] a lot of producers who are really hurting, [26:37] not just in Florida and not just from the freeze. [26:39] So it's important that we work together to solve for that. [26:41] Thank you. Senator Murray. [26:46] Thank you, Chair Collins. [26:47] Secretary Higgs, Seth, [26:49] your department received $150 billion [26:52] last year in the Republicans' big, beautiful bill. [26:55] It also received a record $839 billion [26:59] for fiscal year 2026, [27:01] more money than you asked for last year. [27:04] Combined, that is a trillion dollar budget for the year. [27:07] And as I already mentioned, [27:09] your department has yet to spend [27:10] half of the reconciliation funds. [27:13] And despite that, [27:13] you are here today [27:14] asking for tens of billions of dollars more [27:17] for things that you've already asked for [27:19] in your FY27 request [27:21] or that have nothing to do with Iran. [27:24] This administration has tried to sell this [27:26] as an emergency request, [27:28] but it may be better understood [27:30] as an attempt to skirt [27:31] the normal appropriations process. [27:34] Here are just a few of the things [27:35] requested in this Iran supplemental. [27:38] $800 million for the National Guard [27:41] to patrol D.C. even longer. [27:43] Over $1 billion for the Army [27:45] to patrol the southern border, [27:47] which is DHS's job. [27:49] $900 million to support [27:50] the administration's illegal boat strikes [27:52] in the Caribbean. [27:54] Over $18 billion for munitions, [27:56] which you've already requested [27:57] in your FY27 budget request. [28:00] And $1.7 billion to pay for your decision [28:04] to recruit more people [28:05] than the services need, [28:06] which was not contemplated [28:08] by the FY26 funding bill [28:10] Congress recently passed. [28:12] Now, you've already submitted [28:14] a reprogramming request on this [28:16] that our subcommittee is considering now, [28:18] which really underscores the point [28:20] I made in my opening remarks [28:22] that the problem's not a lack of money, [28:23] but poor planning. [28:25] So I'll be blunt. [28:26] The truth is your request [28:27] does not make a lot of sense. [28:29] So let me ask you a simple question. [28:31] Why exactly are billions of dollars more [28:34] for the National Guard [28:35] and this administration's illegal strikes [28:37] in the Caribbean [28:38] urgently needed for the Iran war? [28:43] Well, Senator, I wouldn't, of course, [28:45] agree with your characterization, [28:46] but why this kind of spending is needed [28:48] is because of the gross negligence [28:50] and neglect of the Biden administration [28:51] inside our department. [28:53] Ran it like a bureaucracy. [28:55] Abandoned our strength posture [28:58] around the world, [28:58] so we're having to reestablish deterrence. [29:00] Just to, you mentioned the end strength numbers, [29:03] and I will acknowledge that [29:04] we are ahead of schedule [29:05] on end strength in recruiting. [29:07] 8,000 in the Navy, 6,000 in the Army, [29:10] 4,000 in the Air Force, [29:12] because under President Trump, [29:13] there's been record and historic [29:14] over 30-year recruiting records [29:16] inside our department [29:17] since he won the election [29:19] because the American people [29:20] didn't want to sign up [29:21] for what Joe Biden was providing our military. [29:23] And they want to sign up [29:25] for what President Trump is doing [29:26] in his leadership, [29:27] and so those are good problems to have [29:29] that we need to fund. [29:29] And a reflection of momentum, [29:31] and this budget will allow us [29:33] to continue the kind of momentum [29:34] that gets us ahead. [29:35] My point is that a lot of this request [29:37] does not feel like an emergency, [29:38] and let me move on. [29:40] Secretary Hague said, [29:41] like most Americans, [29:42] I've had a lot of trouble [29:43] following this administration's [29:45] contradictory statements [29:46] about the war. [29:47] On April 8th, you said, [29:49] and I quote, [29:50] their missile program [29:51] has functionally destroyed, [29:53] launchers, production facilities, [29:55] and existing stockpiles [29:56] depleted and decimated [29:58] and almost completely ineffective. [30:01] Mr. Secretary, [30:01] Iran has been firing [30:03] at U.S. military bases [30:05] in the region [30:06] and ships for the last week. [30:08] How is it possible [30:09] if their capabilities [30:10] were, quote, [30:11] functionally destroyed [30:12] three months earlier, [30:14] as she claimed, [30:14] for them to be doing this now? [30:17] Senator, [30:17] Iran is at the weakest point militarily [30:20] it has ever been in [30:21] in the past decade, [30:22] certainly maybe in 47 years [30:24] as they've gathered effectively [30:26] a terror army. [30:27] And that terror army [30:28] was built to try to create [30:29] conventional capabilities [30:30] to defend against [30:31] a pursuit of nuclear weapons, [30:33] which meant thousands [30:34] of ballistics missiles, [30:36] many of which we have destroyed, [30:37] others of which they have [30:38] put inside facilities [30:39] and hidden in underground facilities. [30:41] That's what terror regimes [30:42] would do. [30:43] So I acknowledge [30:44] they still have capabilities, [30:45] no doubt. [30:45] But the amount of damage [30:47] that we've done to them [30:48] over the course of [30:49] these series of operations [30:51] has put them in the worst place [30:53] they've ever been. [30:53] Okay, well, let me move on. [30:54] On May 5th, [30:55] you claimed that Iran [30:56] doesn't control the strait [30:58] and you said that there was a, [30:59] quote, [31:00] powerful red, white, [31:01] and blue dome over the strait. [31:03] If that was true, [31:04] how did Iran shrink ship traffic [31:07] in the strait [31:07] to a trickle again last week? [31:10] We pushed almost, [31:11] I believe, [31:13] between 400 and 500 million [31:14] bearers of oil [31:15] under the nose of Iran [31:16] over the course of Project Freedom, [31:17] which went underground, [31:18] which I acknowledged [31:19] after we did so covertly [31:21] because it was more effective [31:22] to do so quietly [31:23] than to do so publicly. [31:25] So we've been in control [31:26] of moving traffic through there [31:27] for quite some time. [31:28] Will they retain the ability [31:30] to recklessly shoot [31:30] at commercial shipping? [31:31] And that's what happened. [31:32] We had a ceasefire [31:33] and then they shot [31:34] at commercial shipping. [31:35] Well, you also said [31:36] at that same press conference, [31:39] and I'm going to quote you, [31:40] you urged Iran to, quote, [31:43] let innocent ships pass freely. [31:45] These international waters [31:46] belong to all nations, [31:47] not to Iran [31:48] to tax toll or control. [31:50] Last week, [31:51] President Trump said [31:52] the U.S. would charge [31:53] a 20% toll [31:54] to each ship [31:55] to pass through the state. [31:56] So based on your opposition [31:58] to tolls, [31:59] did you talk to the president [32:00] out of that idea [32:01] or did someone else? [32:05] Iran's not charging tolls [32:06] and they're shooting [32:07] at ships right now. [32:09] But Trump said [32:10] that he wanted [32:10] to charge a 20% toll. [32:13] We have a blockade right now [32:15] of all Iranian ships [32:15] and Iranian ports [32:16] and it's effective. [32:18] My time is out. [32:21] Senator Murkowski. [32:23] Thank you, Madam Chairman. [32:24] And thank you all [32:25] for being here. [32:28] Challenging, challenging times. [32:30] I think we all recognize that. [32:31] Secretary Hegseth, [32:32] I want to ask [32:33] just specific to Iran authorization. [32:37] The administration [32:38] has made the case [32:40] that the action in Iran [32:42] falls under the president's [32:44] Article 2 authorities. [32:45] And we can have disagreement. [32:48] Reasonable people [32:49] can disagree about [32:50] the boundaries [32:51] of the presidential war powers [32:52] and have for a long period of time. [32:55] But I look at the war powers resolution [32:57] and it's not ambiguous. [32:59] It requires the president [33:00] to terminate hostilities [33:02] within 60 days [33:03] absent congressional authorization. [33:06] So hostilities began [33:07] February 28th, May 1st. [33:12] Congress was informed [33:14] that hostilities had ended. [33:16] But yet, despite the fact [33:18] that hostilities had ended, [33:20] we were still seeing sailors [33:22] being fired upon [33:23] still activity. [33:26] Then in June, [33:28] MOU is signed [33:29] to preserve the ceasefire [33:30] while negotiations continue. [33:32] That MOU has now collapsed [33:34] and we are seeing [33:35] the resumed attacks [33:38] in the Straits of Hormuz. [33:39] On July 10, [33:41] the administration [33:41] sends Congress [33:43] a new war powers notification, [33:44] effectively restarting [33:46] the 60-day clock again. [33:49] So I'm concerned [33:50] about this sequence [33:52] because you have a situation [33:54] where the claim [33:56] essentially allows [33:57] the president [33:58] to extinguish [33:58] the war powers clock [34:00] just at the moment [34:01] that it becomes [34:02] legally inconvenient [34:04] through declaration [34:05] of temporary ceasefire. [34:06] Then it's reset, [34:07] avoiding the congressional [34:09] authorization [34:10] that the Constitution [34:11] requires [34:12] and the war powers [34:13] intends. [34:14] So we had an opportunity [34:16] in previous [34:17] probations hearing [34:18] for me to ask [34:18] if you felt [34:19] the administration [34:20] had all the authority [34:22] that it needed. [34:24] You indicated [34:24] at that time [34:25] that no, [34:27] additional authority [34:28] was not needed. [34:30] Are you still, [34:31] is the administration [34:32] still taking that position [34:34] about needing [34:35] no authorization [34:36] from Congress [34:37] at this time? [34:39] Senator, [34:40] I know there's a long, [34:41] longstanding legal debate [34:43] on this particular topic, [34:45] but we certainly [34:45] as a department [34:46] take the, [34:47] share the position [34:47] of the White House [34:48] that we have [34:48] all the authorities [34:49] necessary at this moment. [34:50] So let me just [34:51] kind of do a follow-on. [34:54] In the Clinton administration, [34:56] this is 1999, [34:57] there was an operation [34:59] that was launched, [35:00] Operation Allied Force, [35:01] NATO airstrikes [35:03] against Yugoslavia. [35:04] There was not [35:05] a prior congressional [35:07] authorization [35:08] that was sought. [35:09] President Clinton [35:11] notified Congress [35:12] under the War Powers [35:13] Resolution [35:14] and then sent, [35:18] subsequent to that, [35:19] sent Congress [35:20] an emergency [35:20] supplemental funding request. [35:22] It was about $6 billion [35:23] to cover the cost [35:25] of Kosovo operations. [35:28] Congress then [35:28] passed a supplemental package [35:31] that covered [35:32] the President's request [35:34] plus additional [35:36] military funding, [35:37] but Congress [35:38] never passed [35:39] a standalone authorization [35:40] for use of military force [35:42] in Kosovo. [35:43] When the War Powers [35:44] clock was set [35:45] to run out [35:46] then in May of 1999, [35:49] the Clinton Justice Department's [35:53] Office of Legal Counsel [35:54] issued an opinion [35:55] holding that [35:56] the supplemental appropriation [35:57] appropriation itself [35:59] passed without any authorizing language [36:01] satisfied the War Powers [36:03] Resolution requirement. [36:06] So is the department [36:08] looking to that [36:09] or intending to rely [36:11] on that same reasoning [36:12] that funding alone [36:14] can substitute [36:15] for explicit congressional authorization? [36:18] Senator, I would have to defer [36:21] to our legal department [36:23] and we'll get back to you [36:24] with our views on that. [36:25] But as of right now, [36:26] we think stand-alone [36:27] Article 2 authorities exist [36:29] for us to conduct [36:29] this operation [36:30] on behalf of the defense [36:31] of the American people [36:31] that the President [36:32] has those authorities [36:33] and seeking this funding [36:34] is important [36:35] in pursuit of that [36:36] and our $1.5 trillion budget. [36:38] But I wouldn't connect [36:39] the two without consulting [36:40] with our legal folks first. [36:43] In my remaining time, [36:44] let me turn to you, [36:46] Secretary Rollins. [36:47] I appreciate that you have acknowledged [36:49] that fishermen are farmers of the sea. [36:52] I don't know whether you are aware [36:55] whether any fishermen [36:56] will be eligible [36:57] for any of the supplemental funding. [36:59] They too have faced [37:00] many of the same challenges [37:01] that our farmers have [37:02] with high fuel costs, [37:04] the impact from tariffs, [37:06] disasters that we have seen [37:08] in the 15 seconds remaining. [37:11] Any help for our fishermen? [37:13] Well, I remember [37:14] having the conversation with you [37:15] when we were going through the process [37:16] and my commitment to you [37:17] and to Senator Collins [37:18] and some of our others [37:20] across the aisle [37:22] was that it's time for USDA [37:23] to recognize our fishermen [37:25] as part of our farmers of the sea. [37:27] That's never happened before. [37:29] We now have an office at USDA [37:30] focused on fishermen. [37:32] And so I think [37:33] as you all move forward [37:33] with the supplemental, [37:34] the conversation, [37:35] obviously up to you all [37:36] what that looks like, [37:37] but very supportive [37:38] of treating our fishermen [37:40] similarly to the rest [37:41] of our farmers. [37:42] Thank you. [37:43] Thank you, Madam Chair. [37:44] Thank you. [37:45] Senator Durbin. [37:47] Thanks, Madam Chair. [37:49] Mr. Secretary, [37:50] I'd like to ask you [37:52] to help me reconcile [37:52] some numbers. [37:54] It's my understanding [37:55] that this whole [37:56] supplemental funding request [37:58] is $87.6 billion [38:00] and most of the funding, [38:02] $67 billion, [38:03] is for the Department of Defense. [38:06] Yet we are told [38:06] the Department of Defense [38:07] still has $75 billion [38:09] in unobligated funding [38:11] from last year's [38:12] reconciliation package. [38:14] Is that true? [38:14] Roughly correct numbers, yes. [38:18] So you left some change [38:20] on the dresser [38:21] before you prepared [38:23] to come for this hearing. [38:24] What's going to happen [38:25] to that $75 billion? [38:27] Well, that $75 billion, [38:28] there's plans and designs [38:30] on that, [38:30] part of the rebuild [38:31] of our military, [38:31] which had to be undertaken. [38:33] And so one big, [38:34] beautiful bill [38:34] gave us specific avenues. [38:36] But I'd have to get you [38:37] the exact numbers [38:37] of what that is left [38:38] to be allocated. [38:39] Does it have to do [38:39] with the war in Iran? [38:40] No, this is rebuilding [38:42] our military [38:43] from what was not funded [38:44] in the past [38:44] under the Biden administration. [38:46] So this is from 2026, [38:48] one big, beautiful bill, [38:49] which helped move [38:51] the president's priorities [38:52] like Golden Dome for America, [38:53] move away from all [38:54] the woke priorities [38:54] of what the Biden administration [38:56] was pursuing, [38:57] give us a chance [38:58] to start cutting [38:58] these deals on munitions. [38:59] Victory, yeah. [39:00] All the things that we, [39:01] the president wanted us [39:02] to focus on shipbuilding, [39:03] hypersonics. [39:04] I mean, the Biden administration [39:05] ignored hypersonics. [39:06] They just decided [39:07] to pretend like that technology [39:08] didn't exist [39:09] and we shouldn't invest in it. [39:10] They're our thing. [39:11] I don't know what Lloyd Austin [39:12] did for four years. [39:14] I really don't. [39:15] The amount of neglect, [39:16] the amount of stale thinking [39:18] and bureaucracy, [39:19] it was staggering [39:21] when we took over. [39:22] So one big, beautiful bill [39:22] gave us a chance [39:23] to get caught back up. [39:23] Let me interrupt your speech [39:24] for a minute, Mr. Secretary. [39:26] It's my turn to ask questions. [39:28] I've been listening patiently [39:29] while you made your presentation. [39:31] You estimated at one point [39:32] that the cost of the war [39:34] in Iran was $29 billion, [39:37] but then added a caveat [39:39] that there was a replacement [39:40] of munitions, for example. [39:42] Do you have a new estimate [39:43] about what the war [39:44] has cost us so far [39:45] in this, the fifth month [39:46] of the first year [39:47] of this war in Iran? [39:50] Senator, the estimate we have [39:51] as of today is $37.5 billion. [39:54] And is the current activity [39:56] which we've been told [39:57] about the exchange of fire [39:59] back and forth in Iran [40:01] an indication that that number [40:02] is going to go up [40:03] in the months ahead? [40:05] Some of that number [40:06] captures additional O&M, [40:08] mill pay, [40:08] and other that would be [40:09] anticipated through the fiscal year. [40:11] So some of that anticipates [40:12] what costs would be going out [40:13] in the future as well. [40:14] So the new number [40:14] you've given me is what? [40:17] $37.5 billion. [40:19] And that represents [40:20] the cost of the war [40:21] through what period of time? [40:23] Through now for certain aspects of it, [40:26] but also mill pay, O&M, [40:28] other anticipated costs [40:29] through September 30th, Senator. [40:32] General Cain, [40:32] let me ask you a question. [40:34] I joined a group of senators, [40:36] some are here, [40:37] Senator Rounds, [40:37] Senator Koons, [40:40] Senator Shaheen, [40:41] and met with President Zelensky [40:42] in Turkey [40:44] during the NATO summit. [40:46] He was very explicit [40:47] in terms of what he needed [40:49] to win. [40:51] He feels the momentum [40:53] in Ukraine [40:54] is moving to his side, [40:56] that he is putting [40:57] a foot forward [40:58] instead of back. [40:59] Is that your feeling? [41:02] Sir, I think [41:03] the pressure [41:04] that Ukraine [41:05] is putting on Russia [41:07] is substantive [41:07] at this point. [41:09] Do you acknowledge [41:10] his request [41:11] that we help them [41:12] with air defenses [41:13] as a high priority? [41:15] Sir, I know [41:15] he's made the request. [41:17] Whether or not [41:17] that moves forward [41:19] is always a debate [41:20] in our civilian leadership, [41:21] but I'm aware [41:22] of that request. [41:23] Are you aware [41:23] of the fact [41:24] that we appropriated [41:25] and the president [41:26] signed into law [41:27] $400 billion [41:27] of supplemental funding [41:29] for Ukraine, [41:30] including money [41:31] for air defenses? [41:33] I am, sir. [41:34] Are you also aware [41:35] the administration [41:36] has informed us [41:37] that that money [41:38] will not be available [41:39] in many aspects [41:40] until the next president [41:41] is in office? [41:43] Sir, I'm not aware [41:44] of that. [41:44] My understanding [41:45] was that that capital [41:47] had been allocated, [41:49] but I'll have to defer [41:50] to my civilian leadership. [41:51] I'm sorry to tell you [41:52] the pay plan tells us [41:53] to be prepared [41:54] to spend that money [41:55] in fiscal year 29. [41:58] The new president, [41:58] whoever it may be, [41:59] will make that decision. [42:01] If you're talking [42:02] about air defenses [42:03] and the momentum [42:04] on the side of Zelensky, [42:06] what impact will it have [42:07] if we cannot fund this [42:08] for three years? [42:10] Sir, I want to highlight [42:12] that the incredible work [42:14] that the Ukraine [42:14] industrial base is doing [42:16] is they scale [42:17] their own capabilities. [42:19] It ranges from their [42:21] surface-to-air capabilities [42:22] to their air-to-air capabilities. [42:24] I'll note that recently [42:26] we had the first air-to-air kill [42:27] where a Ukrainian F-16 [42:29] shot down a Russian fighter. [42:31] So I think their ability [42:32] to scale their layered defense [42:34] has come along a long way [42:36] over the past couple years [42:38] with the help [42:39] and assistance of many. [42:40] General, thank you [42:43] for your service [42:43] to the country. [42:44] I'm sorry for our losses. [42:46] I believe 17 servicemen [42:47] have given their lives [42:48] in Iran so far [42:50] and hundreds, [42:51] hundreds have been injured. [42:52] We should acknowledge [42:53] that fact. [42:54] And let me also say, [42:56] we're in a moment in history [42:57] where we can win [42:58] the war in Ukraine. [42:59] That victory would be [43:00] critically important [43:01] for those people [43:02] who have fought [43:02] for more than four years [43:04] against the odds [43:05] and proven they can put [43:06] Putin back on his heels. [43:07] But instead of finding [43:09] the money that they need now [43:10] for air defenses, [43:11] we're putting more money [43:12] into this exchange [43:13] with Iran, [43:14] a war of choice [43:15] which we never [43:16] should have entered. [43:17] Thank you, General. [43:18] Senator Moran. [43:21] Chairman Collins, [43:23] thank you very much. [43:24] Let me first begin [43:25] with just a statement [43:26] to you, Secretary Rollins. [43:28] Thank you for your leadership. [43:29] Thank you for your attention [43:30] to disaster assistance. [43:32] Hugely significant [43:33] and important [43:34] in many states [43:36] represented here [43:37] but across the country. [43:38] and it is as challenging [43:41] circumstances [43:42] as I've seen farmers in [43:43] in my time [43:44] and representing them [43:46] in the United States Congress. [43:49] And I appreciate [43:50] my colleague, [43:51] Senator Rounds, [43:51] for making that case today. [43:53] I appreciate the efforts [43:54] by Senator Bozeman, [43:55] the chairman of the Ag Committee [43:56] and Senator Rounds [43:57] and his vice chairman, Shaheen, [44:00] for their efforts here [44:01] on this committee [44:02] for that effort. [44:03] Secretary Hagseth, [44:04] let me ask you [44:05] about your recent visit [44:07] to the 101st Airborne Division. [44:10] You saw the MV-75 Cheyenne. [44:13] You saw it firsthand [44:14] and heard from soldiers, [44:15] as I understand it, [44:16] about the next generation capabilities, [44:19] how they will transform [44:20] the way we fight. [44:23] The Cheyenne has broken through [44:25] and it appears to me [44:26] in the acquisition bureaucracy [44:27] to deliver a capability [44:30] for our war fighting [44:31] much faster [44:32] than it otherwise [44:33] would have happened. [44:35] As you look across acquisition, [44:37] I mean, [44:37] we're here talking [44:38] about appropriations, [44:39] but the ultimate success [44:41] we'll have [44:41] in defending our country [44:42] is putting that money [44:44] to work as quickly as possible. [44:46] So as you look at acquisition, [44:49] what would you tell me [44:51] we learned from the Cheyenne? [44:52] Is it a model [44:53] how the department can, [44:55] it intends to field [44:56] the next generation [44:57] of capacity going forward? [45:00] What does the program need [45:01] from this committee [45:03] to meet both the schedule [45:05] and the necessity [45:06] of its capabilities? [45:09] Senator, I appreciate the question. [45:10] I think it's in part [45:11] one of the untold stories [45:12] of our department [45:13] is how we try to revolutionize [45:16] the speed and scale [45:17] of new acquisitions [45:18] and procurement. [45:19] Some of it through munitions [45:20] and ensuring that companies [45:21] pay for building [45:22] their own factories [45:22] and their own assembly lines [45:24] so that we're saving billions [45:25] and billions as taxpayers [45:27] while companies invest. [45:28] And when you invest [45:28] in something with your own money, [45:30] you want to see it succeed [45:31] ahead of schedule [45:32] and on time. [45:33] Also, opening the aperture [45:34] so it's not just [45:34] the prime contractors [45:35] that are competing, [45:36] but new entrants [45:37] who make high cost [45:39] and low cost capabilities. [45:41] I think in particular [45:42] on the Cheyenne [45:42] and the Black Hawk [45:44] and the replacement, [45:46] the gap that some [45:47] have identified could exist [45:49] based on the hesitation [45:50] on speed and replacement [45:52] exists because of [45:54] an austerity mindset, [45:55] again, that goes back [45:56] to the Biden administration [45:57] of divest to invest. [46:00] And so you end up divesting [46:01] in certain systems [46:02] like the Black Hawk [46:02] before the next one [46:04] is online, [46:04] creating gaps [46:05] for actual operators. [46:07] And what we're funding [46:07] in this supplemental [46:08] and across this budget [46:09] is the ability to do both. [46:11] Make sure the systems [46:12] we rely on on the battlefield [46:13] right now are delivered [46:14] and that newer entrants [46:16] that we're going to need [46:16] for long-range fight [46:18] to deliver, [46:20] to be more survivable [46:22] in contested environments, [46:23] which you're talking about. [46:24] When I had a chance to see it, [46:25] the soldiers were proud [46:26] to be in it [46:26] because they felt like [46:27] it would give them [46:28] greater advantage [46:29] in the future. [46:29] We need to accelerate [46:30] the timelines of those [46:31] and deliver them [46:32] even more quickly. [46:34] And when you allow [46:35] new entrants [46:35] with all the right incentives, [46:37] those things happen. [46:38] And it's happening [46:39] in that program. [46:39] Will that take place, [46:40] I think you may have [46:41] just said this, [46:41] but will that take place [46:43] in this circumstance [46:45] of the Cheyenne? [46:46] I believe in this administration, [46:47] because of the policies [46:48] of this administration, [46:50] it is likely to do so. [46:51] Just like the B-21, [46:52] just like the F-47, [46:54] just like so many other [46:55] of our exquisite munitions [46:57] that otherwise would have [46:58] taken years and years [46:59] to even get into development, [47:00] we're moving those things [47:01] left by, in some cases, [47:03] years, so that we get them [47:04] in the hands of warfighters [47:05] who would need them right now [47:06] and not held up [47:07] in bureaucracy in this town. [47:09] Thank you, sir. [47:10] Let me turn to you, [47:11] General Kane. [47:12] The department is requesting [47:13] significant supplemental [47:15] to address the ongoing [47:16] operational demands. [47:19] Our adversaries are watching [47:21] how we resource this moment. [47:25] Beijing, Moscow, Tehran [47:26] are all increasingly coordinating [47:29] their activities [47:30] and intelligence. [47:34] In your judgment, [47:35] do you believe our adversaries [47:37] view this moment [47:38] as an opportunity [47:39] to exploit U.S. commitments [47:40] elsewhere, [47:42] and how does this supplemental [47:43] ensure our deterrence posture [47:45] and our commitments [47:46] to allies remain credible [47:47] in every theater [47:49] all at once? [47:50] Well, sir, [47:51] thanks for the question. [47:52] In my job, [47:53] it's to look across the globe [47:55] and look at the range [47:56] of trade-offs out there. [47:58] We are the strongest military [48:00] in the world. [48:01] Our adversaries still fear [48:03] America's ability [48:04] to project power [48:06] at the time and place [48:07] of our choosing. [48:08] There is no doubt [48:09] that they are aligning, [48:11] as I've said before, [48:12] and I think this supplemental [48:14] and whatever funding structure [48:16] that Congress, [48:17] working with the executive branch, [48:19] decides to structure [48:20] and give us the capital, [48:22] we'll use that capital [48:23] to ensure that we sustain that, sir. [48:24] You're assuring us [48:25] that this supplemental [48:26] and further efforts [48:27] will reduce the risk [48:29] to our nation [48:30] and its national securities issues. [48:33] Yes, sir. [48:33] I view this, [48:34] and I've spoken to some of you [48:35] on the phone leading up to this, [48:38] I view this as future investments [48:39] to buy down risk, [48:41] similar to what I said [48:42] Marshall thought through [48:43] in those heady days in 1940, [48:46] where the need [48:47] to invest capital early [48:49] to deliver scale [48:50] is an opportunity [48:53] that I hope we don't miss, [48:55] Senator. [48:55] General, thank you. [48:56] Thank you, Chairwoman. [48:58] Senator Reid. [49:00] Thank you, Madam Chairman. [49:01] Secretary Rollins, [49:02] I just want to reiterate [49:03] a point that Senator Padilla made. [49:07] We have $10 billion [49:09] in this request [49:10] for Midwestern farmers [49:12] who are suffering [49:13] because of the interruption [49:16] of fuel and fertilizers [49:18] because of the President Trump's war, [49:20] unauthorized war. [49:23] Yet, many states, [49:25] blue states particularly, [49:27] have submitted requests. [49:28] Rhode Island has one. [49:29] February, we had the worst snowstorm [49:32] in our recent history, [49:35] and we've been denied [49:36] by the president. [49:37] In fact, if you look at the numbers, [49:39] 20% of blue states [49:41] seem to get approved [49:42] in about 80% of red states. [49:45] I'm making a point, [49:47] not asking a question. [49:48] This is unfair. [49:49] Thank you. [49:51] Secretary Hexer, [49:52] on February 28th, [49:54] when you initiated this war [49:55] without authorization [49:56] from Congress, [49:57] the Straits of Hormuz [49:58] was open [49:59] and providing vital fuel supplies [50:02] for the whole world. [50:04] Now they're closed effectively, [50:06] impacting globally [50:07] the price of oil [50:08] and the economies [50:10] of the whole world. [50:11] But the Department of Defense [50:13] has been planning [50:14] for potential operations [50:16] against Iran [50:17] for many, many years, [50:19] and one of their obvious assumptions [50:21] was that the Strait of Hormuz [50:23] could be closed. [50:26] Were you unaware of that? [50:31] Senator, you are correct. [50:33] Nobody plans more [50:34] and looks at more contingencies [50:35] than our department, [50:36] and so, of course, [50:37] undertaking a historic effort like this, [50:39] of this scope and scale, [50:40] of course, [50:41] the Strait of Hormuz [50:41] was front and center [50:42] in every single aspect of that. [50:43] Hence why one of our key objectives [50:45] to begin with [50:46] was to sink the entirety [50:48] of Iran's Navy, [50:49] which its conventional Navy was sunk. [50:51] Now, you can't get rid [50:52] of every single fast boat [50:53] and every single machine gun [50:54] and a fast boat [50:55] or every single coastal cruise missile. [50:58] So we acknowledge that [50:59] if the state decided [51:00] to become a terror state [51:01] shooting at commercial shipping, [51:03] that would be an ongoing [51:04] and contested part of the battle [51:05] to include their willingness [51:07] to mine international water. [51:08] So one side weaponized the strait [51:11] and we've been fighting back [51:12] the entire time. [51:12] So you were completely aware [51:13] that the Strait of Hormuz [51:14] could be closed, [51:15] and obviously sinking their ships [51:16] has not affected their ability [51:19] to effectively close the straits. [51:21] Did you... [51:22] We had U.S. boats [51:23] that surrendered to Iranian ships [51:25] under the Biden administration, [51:26] so their Navy was effective [51:28] in expeditial ways in the past. [51:29] Listen, we're talking about [51:30] the war you started, [51:31] not a situation [51:32] in which oil was flowing freely. [51:36] There was no conflict. [51:37] We weren't losing personnel [51:39] as a result of Iranian actions. [51:41] So your fallback [51:44] to the Biden administration [51:45] is just a very, very obvious excuse [51:51] for what I think is probably, [51:53] as you described so often, [51:54] gross negligence. [51:55] You did not fully inform [51:57] the president [51:57] that you would be in a situation [51:59] where the strait of Hormuz [52:01] could be effectively closed, [52:03] oil prices could surge, [52:05] and effectively, [52:07] the Iranians could maintain [52:09] their ability to strike back [52:11] as they are right now. [52:12] They just killed [52:13] some of my service men [52:14] last weekend. [52:16] This battlefield [52:17] and all the dynamics of it, [52:19] of which the chairman [52:19] and I are responsible [52:20] for ensuring the president [52:21] understands every branch [52:22] and sequel of what could happen, [52:24] and we did. [52:24] So... [52:25] The fact that those contingencies [52:26] all were part of the possibility [52:28] and we understood that [52:29] is all the more reason [52:30] why President Trump [52:31] deserves the kind of praise [52:32] he should get [52:33] for undertaking this effort, [52:34] having the courage [52:35] to ensure that crazy Islamists [52:37] can't have a nuclear weapon [52:39] to hold us at issue, [52:41] and he's been willing [52:41] to stay committed to that [52:42] regardless of the challenges... [52:44] Excuse me. [52:44] So he should be praised. [52:46] He should be praised [52:47] for shouting a war [52:49] without authority, [52:50] creating a situation [52:51] in which the world economy [52:52] is suffering tremendously. [52:54] We have to have extra money [52:56] for our farmers, [52:57] and we have no outcome, [53:00] at least no realistic outcome [53:03] in sight yet. [53:04] Let me switch to General Cain. [53:05] General Cain, [53:06] these airstrikes have not yet [53:08] deterred and defeated [53:10] the Iranians. [53:11] Do you think airstrikes alone [53:13] will do that? [53:16] Sir, I think academically, [53:17] as you look across [53:18] the totality of history, [53:20] air power's got limits, [53:21] and we always have to be mindful [53:23] of those. [53:24] I think where America's [53:25] area of exclusivity is [53:27] is when we bring [53:28] the totality of [53:29] the diplomatic, [53:31] informational, economic, [53:33] and pair that [53:34] with the military, [53:35] and there's a lot [53:35] of that work going on, sir. [53:37] Well, the military, [53:38] the next step would be [53:38] escalation by ground combat. [53:41] Do you anticipate [53:42] that escalation? [53:43] Sir, I think it'd be [53:44] unhelpful for me [53:45] to opine on hypotheticals. [53:47] What I can tell you [53:48] is we always develop [53:49] an unbelievable amount [53:51] of options, [53:52] and the associated risks, [53:53] and then my main job [53:55] is to always ensure [53:56] that leaders understand [53:58] those options [53:59] and the risks. [53:59] Now, if you employ [54:00] ground troops [54:01] to seize objectives, [54:03] which I would assume [54:04] would be the first stage, [54:07] are you prepared [54:07] for an extended guerrilla war, [54:09] which would likely happen [54:10] in that area? [54:11] Sir, with all due respect, [54:12] I think it'd be unhelpful [54:14] for me to opine [54:15] on hypothetical situations, [54:17] on whatever decisions [54:18] the president may or may not [54:20] take in the future. [54:22] Have you advised the president [54:23] that a ground combat [54:25] would be very expensive [54:26] in the lives of our soldiers, [54:29] sailors, marines, airmen, [54:31] and also could probably [54:33] lead to an extended [54:34] unconventional war [54:37] in that area? [54:38] I don't see the Iranians [54:39] sort of throwing the hands [54:41] of saying, you know, [54:42] welcome to Iran. [54:46] Senator, I always advise [54:48] the president [54:48] on a range of military options [54:50] and all of the risks [54:52] that are contained within that. [54:54] But I have to keep [54:55] my military advice [54:56] to the president private, sir. [54:58] But, well, thank you. [55:01] Thank you, sir. [55:01] Senator Hoeven. [55:03] Thank you, Madam Chair. [55:04] Secretary Rollins, [55:05] I want to thank [55:06] President Trump, [55:07] and I want to thank you [55:08] for including [55:08] Farm Bridge assistance [55:10] in this supplemental request. [55:11] I know I've worked [55:13] very hard to get it included. [55:14] I know you have worked [55:15] very hard to get it included, [55:17] and I want to thank you [55:18] and your whole department [55:19] for your work on it [55:20] and for this vital support [55:22] of our farmers and ranchers. [55:24] What I want to ask you about, [55:25] though, is actually crop insurance. [55:27] The number one risk management tool [55:28] that our farmers have [55:30] is crop insurance. [55:32] And the buy-up option [55:34] is critically important. [55:36] It covers 67 million acres, [55:39] 67 million acres of farmland [55:42] in this country. [55:44] It was decommissioned, [55:47] and we need to get it reinstated. [55:49] Again, you and I [55:50] both worked very hard on this. [55:52] Please update me [55:53] on where we are [55:53] in terms of getting [55:54] that buy-up option [55:55] for crop insurance reinstated. [55:58] We are 100% supportive of that [56:01] and are moving forward [56:02] to execute that buy-up option. [56:04] Thank you for your leadership [56:05] on that, Senator. [56:06] Thank you for your support. [56:08] Also, Assistant Secretary Fortis [56:10] for his support. [56:14] It's very impactful, [56:15] very important, [56:16] and will make a big difference [56:17] for our farmers right now. [56:18] So thank you for that. [56:19] Thank you. [56:20] Secretary Hegg, Seth, [56:22] are Russia and China [56:26] helping Iran? [56:29] And if so, how? [56:32] Well, Senator, [56:33] as the chairman alluded to, [56:34] there's definitely adversary alignment [56:36] at attempts to do so. [56:38] And there are many ways [56:40] that we deter that, [56:42] some of which are, [56:43] and the depth and extent of it [56:45] ought to remain classified, [56:46] and it should, [56:47] but there are ways in which [56:49] both of those countries [56:50] are limiting at different levels [56:52] enabling some of the things [56:54] Iran is doing. [56:55] Yes. [56:58] General Cain, [56:58] would you like to add? [57:01] Sir, I'd rather not opine [57:03] on the specifics [57:04] because that would divulge [57:06] what we know, [57:07] and I never want the adversary [57:10] to know what I know. [57:12] I just want to know it. [57:13] And hopefully we'll get a chance [57:14] to do that in the SCIF. [57:16] Yes, sir. [57:16] Yes, sir. [57:16] Happy to do that in the SCIF, sir. [57:18] This, so, this relates both [57:21] to the funding, [57:22] but also, again, [57:23] to how we achieve our objectives [57:25] with Iran. [57:28] Starting with you, Secretary, [57:29] can we get to the point, [57:31] and we're seeing continued, [57:33] I think, improvement and progress [57:34] on this, but essentially [57:36] where we can work, [57:37] and hopefully our allies will, [57:39] they need to step in there with us, [57:41] but where we get to the point [57:42] where we can operate [57:44] in the Strait of Hormuz, [57:46] but keep Iran blockaded. [57:49] We're continuing to get better at that, [57:51] but that's how we keep, [57:52] they'll never do anything [57:53] that they say they're going to do. [57:54] They've proven that over and over. [57:55] We have to keep the pressure on, [57:57] but if we can do that effectively, [57:58] we keep the pressure on [58:00] and achieve our objectives. [58:01] Tell us where we are [58:02] in getting that accomplished. [58:05] Senator, I think that's [58:06] a really good point. [58:07] That's effectively what we did [58:08] to create the pressure [58:09] that led to the circumstances [58:11] of the MOU, [58:12] which was a, [58:13] we're running that, [58:14] running a route where ships, [58:15] and we did it covertly [58:16] in cooperation with Gulf countries [58:18] and others who were willing [58:19] to take some of the risk [58:20] with our protection [58:21] and then maintain the blockade. [58:23] So effectively, [58:24] oil is coming in and out, [58:25] oil prices are coming down, [58:26] but our blockade is staying [58:27] and the pressure is mounting on Iran. [58:29] That's something we have done [58:30] and can continue to do. [58:31] We moved into an MOU [58:32] where Iran said, [58:34] we won't shoot at shipping, [58:35] and then the IRGC turned around [58:37] and decided to start shooting [58:38] at commercial shipping again, [58:39] at which point the president, [58:41] I mean, as he should, [58:42] cannot tolerate that, [58:43] and so we respond, [58:44] as he said, 10 times. [58:46] You shoot at ships, [58:47] we're going to shoot at you [58:47] overwhelmingly, [58:48] which we have been doing now [58:49] for, I believe, [58:51] it's a 10th consecutive evening. [58:53] So consequences come [58:54] with the willingness [58:55] to shoot at commercial shipping. [58:56] Our blockade has been reimposed [58:58] and is effectively impenetrable. [59:00] We mount, [59:02] we got seized a ship [59:03] inside the Arabian Gulf as well. [59:06] So there's a lot [59:06] of different angles to it, [59:08] a lot of levers we can pull, [59:10] and ultimately, [59:11] a lot of the strikes [59:12] that Admiral Cooper and CENTCOM [59:14] have been undertaking [59:14] are taking Iran's ability [59:17] to see and sense away [59:18] in the Strait of Hormuz, [59:19] which has tactical benefits for us. [59:21] And that's what this funding is about. [59:23] This funding is about making sure [59:25] that we and our allies [59:26] can operate in the Strait of Hormuz, [59:28] which helps bring down energy prices [59:29] for every single American consumer, [59:31] and that we force Iran [59:33] to meet our objectives. [59:34] Isn't that what this package [59:36] is all about? [59:38] This is a peace [59:39] through strength package. [59:41] That's what $1.5 trillion [59:43] has always been about, [59:44] a generational investment [59:45] at a, as the chairman alluded to, [59:47] a step change moment. [59:49] We need to be able to do it [59:49] at speed, at scale, [59:51] with autonomy, with AI, [59:52] with exquisite high cost [59:54] and low cost, [59:55] to be ahead and stay ahead [59:57] so that you're not just [59:58] able to do what we need to do [1:00:00] in the Strait of Hormuz, [1:00:01] but deter adversaries [1:00:03] like Russia and China [1:00:03] from getting involved [1:00:04] in future continuances. [1:00:05] And just General Cain, [1:00:06] for any follow-up [1:00:07] that you would like on that issue. [1:00:09] Sir, I wouldn't have anything to add. [1:00:11] Okay. [1:00:12] Again, thank you, [1:00:13] and thank you to all of our men [1:00:14] and women in uniform. [1:00:15] We appreciate them so much. [1:00:18] Senator Shaheen. [1:00:21] Thank you, Madam Chair. [1:00:22] Secretary Hegseth, [1:00:23] since you last testified [1:00:24] before this committee, [1:00:27] we finally received [1:00:28] the spend plan [1:00:29] for the $400 million [1:00:30] FY26 appropriation [1:00:32] for Ukraine security assistance. [1:00:34] This funding was passed [1:00:36] back in January, [1:00:37] and now there are only [1:00:39] three months left [1:00:40] in this fiscal year. [1:00:41] And while I appreciate [1:00:43] that we now see [1:00:44] what most of the funding [1:00:46] is intended for, [1:00:48] I just heard from the CEO [1:00:49] of one of the manufacturers [1:00:51] of the defense articles [1:00:53] that are contained [1:00:54] in the spend plan [1:00:55] that they not only [1:00:57] haven't received funding, [1:00:58] but they haven't even [1:00:59] seen a contract. [1:01:00] So when are we going [1:01:02] to see a contract [1:01:03] for those defense articles [1:01:04] that are contained [1:01:05] in the spend plan for Iraq? [1:01:08] I'm sorry, for Ukraine. [1:01:10] For Ukraine. [1:01:12] Senator, I'll have to get back [1:01:13] to you on the specifics [1:01:13] of the timeline of that. [1:01:15] I'll talk to our policy shop [1:01:16] as well as the Ucom commander [1:01:17] to determine where that's at. [1:01:18] Well, you've told this committee [1:01:20] that you've barely spent [1:01:21] half of the $150 billion [1:01:23] in reconciliation funding. [1:01:25] And if you still have [1:01:26] $75 billion available, [1:01:28] why are you asking [1:01:29] the American people [1:01:30] to absorb the cost [1:01:31] of a war they don't support [1:01:33] instead of asking [1:01:34] for transfer authority [1:01:36] for unspent [1:01:36] reconciliation funding, [1:01:38] especially if you can't [1:01:39] even get $400 million [1:01:41] in Ukraine funding [1:01:42] out the door? [1:01:45] As I mentioned earlier, [1:01:46] Senator, that money [1:01:47] from the one big, [1:01:47] beautiful bill [1:01:48] is otherwise allocated [1:01:49] to the rebuilding [1:01:50] of our military [1:01:51] with priorities of the president [1:01:52] like Golden Dome for America [1:01:53] and hypersonics [1:01:54] and other munitions investments [1:01:55] that we made up front [1:01:57] as we tried to adjust [1:01:58] the Biden budget [1:01:58] into an America First budget. [1:02:01] And so reallocating [1:02:02] that away from those priorities [1:02:03] is Robin Peter to pay Paul. [1:02:04] Those are allocated to rebuild. [1:02:06] But my point is, [1:02:07] if you can't spend it [1:02:09] on a timeline [1:02:10] that makes sense, [1:02:12] why do you need to come back [1:02:14] and ask for more money? [1:02:16] Wouldn't it be better [1:02:16] to spend money [1:02:18] that you already have? [1:02:19] And one of the things [1:02:20] I noted was, [1:02:21] or at least I think [1:02:22] that this supplemental [1:02:23] doesn't include funding [1:02:24] to repair damage [1:02:25] to our bases [1:02:26] or to our military infrastructure [1:02:28] in the region. [1:02:29] And I have not heard [1:02:31] that we've gotten [1:02:32] the full extent [1:02:33] of any of those damage estimates. [1:02:36] So should we expect [1:02:37] another request [1:02:38] to address that [1:02:40] military construction costs? [1:02:43] And at what point [1:02:44] do you stop asking Americans [1:02:45] to foot the bill [1:02:46] for a war they don't support [1:02:48] on top of an inflated budget request [1:02:52] and billions in reconciliation funds [1:02:54] that you still haven't spent? [1:02:56] Well, Senator, [1:02:57] I obviously don't agree [1:02:58] with your characterization of that. [1:03:00] I appreciate that, [1:03:01] but you didn't ask me. [1:03:02] But I want you to answer my question. [1:03:03] I know you don't agree [1:03:05] with my characterization. [1:03:06] I don't agree with yours either. [1:03:08] Well, I... [1:03:08] One of the reasons [1:03:11] I take issue [1:03:12] with that characterization [1:03:13] is something that Senator Durbin said [1:03:14] when he talked about Ukraine [1:03:16] and he talked about winning. [1:03:17] And I appreciate as much [1:03:18] as anybody winning a war, [1:03:20] but I sit in front of a committee [1:03:21] that wants to talk about winning a war [1:03:22] that's been going on for four years [1:03:24] and talks about strategic defeat [1:03:25] of a conflict that's been going on [1:03:27] for four months [1:03:27] to prevent Iran [1:03:29] from getting a nuclear bomb. [1:03:30] I want... [1:03:30] I would hope for some perspective [1:03:32] in this town [1:03:33] of the historic nature [1:03:34] of what President Trump [1:03:35] is undertaking. [1:03:36] Do you want radical Islamists [1:03:37] to have a nuclear bomb [1:03:37] that can stare down the world? [1:03:39] I don't want to hear your speech [1:03:39] because I have limited time. [1:03:40] I don't understand. [1:03:41] So if you can't answer my question, [1:03:43] then I will move on [1:03:44] to my next question. [1:03:45] Secretary Rollins, [1:03:48] the timber industry [1:03:49] has also been hard hit, [1:03:50] as you know, [1:03:51] by trade wars, [1:03:52] by drought, [1:03:53] by wildfires, [1:03:55] by other natural disasters [1:03:56] that are increasingly common. [1:03:58] In New Hampshire, [1:04:00] which is the second most heavily [1:04:02] forested state in the nation, [1:04:05] one of the things [1:04:06] that we really need, [1:04:07] as you know, [1:04:07] because we've had this conversation, [1:04:09] is a research program [1:04:11] and Forest Service staffing [1:04:13] on the ground [1:04:14] in a variety of ways, [1:04:16] but particularly [1:04:16] at Bartlett Experimental Forest. [1:04:20] These small investments [1:04:21] in research and staffing [1:04:23] and sound management [1:04:24] help make the forest economies [1:04:26] healthier and more competitive. [1:04:28] I very much appreciate [1:04:29] your having staff visit Bartlett [1:04:31] last week with my staff [1:04:33] and with staff [1:04:34] from the governor's office, [1:04:36] but can you commit [1:04:38] to restoring staffing at Bartlett [1:04:40] and to keeping the facilities [1:04:42] they're open [1:04:42] now that you've seen [1:04:44] the critical nature [1:04:46] of that research? [1:04:49] Why don't I follow up with you? [1:04:51] I have not gotten a report [1:04:52] from their visit, [1:04:53] so I would like to do that first, [1:04:54] but obviously you and I [1:04:55] have been in a continuing [1:04:56] conversation about that. [1:04:58] The good news, [1:04:59] there's no doubt [1:04:59] our timber industry [1:05:00] is in distress [1:05:01] and has been for a long time. [1:05:02] The fact that we import 90% [1:05:05] or something from other countries [1:05:07] of our lumber needs [1:05:08] is crazy. [1:05:09] We're changing that, [1:05:10] but the good news, [1:05:11] we had more board feet [1:05:12] sold last year [1:05:13] than any time in 30 years. [1:05:15] This year, [1:05:15] we're going to exceed [1:05:16] that target again, [1:05:17] so we're making [1:05:18] the right moves on this, [1:05:19] but there's no doubt [1:05:20] that research is important [1:05:21] to that as we've discussed, [1:05:23] and I'll follow up [1:05:24] with our team [1:05:24] and then we'll reconnect. [1:05:26] Thank you. [1:05:27] I appreciate that. [1:05:28] As you pointed out, [1:05:29] research is critical [1:05:30] to ensuring that the timber economy [1:05:32] continues to be successful. [1:05:34] Thank you, Madam Chair. [1:05:35] Senator Kennedy. [1:05:41] Thank you, Madam Chair. [1:05:43] Thank you all [1:05:43] for being here today. [1:05:45] General, [1:05:47] in the war between Russia [1:05:51] and Ukraine, [1:05:53] who do we want to win? [1:05:56] Sir, I want Ukraine to win. [1:06:00] Is Russia America's friend? [1:06:02] I'm sorry, sir. [1:06:04] I couldn't quite hear your question. [1:06:05] Is Russia America's friend? [1:06:09] I think that depends [1:06:10] on your definition of friend. [1:06:12] I think it's a complicated relationship, [1:06:13] but no, [1:06:17] I don't think they're our friends. [1:06:20] Thank you. [1:06:25] If we could cut off [1:06:27] Russia's cash flow, [1:06:32] which depends substantially [1:06:35] on its sale of oil, [1:06:37] would that help Ukraine win? [1:06:39] Sir, I think militarily, [1:06:41] any time you can restrict [1:06:43] resources and cash flows [1:06:46] against an adversary. [1:06:48] General, I have so much respect for you. [1:06:50] Yes, sir. [1:06:51] But I have so little time. [1:06:53] Yes, sir. [1:06:53] I'll try to be briefer. [1:06:54] Just give me succinct answers. [1:06:56] Yes, sir. [1:06:57] It would assist a... [1:06:59] It would help, wouldn't it? [1:07:00] Yes, sir. [1:07:00] Yes, sir. [1:07:01] Okay. [1:07:03] If we could stop people, [1:07:08] entities, [1:07:09] and countries [1:07:10] from buying Russia's oil, [1:07:13] that would help cut off [1:07:14] its cash flow, wouldn't it? [1:07:16] Yes, sir. [1:07:18] We have a bill to do that, [1:07:21] as I'm sure you're aware. [1:07:25] We have the votes today [1:07:27] to pass it overwhelmingly. [1:07:31] I have also have enormous respect [1:07:37] and admiration [1:07:38] for our majority leader, [1:07:41] Senator Thune. [1:07:43] But I hope everybody on this panel [1:07:45] will today contact Senator Thune [1:07:52] and ask him to bring that bill [1:07:55] to the floor. [1:07:58] We should vote on it [1:07:59] at a minimum of next week. [1:08:06] Some of my colleagues, [1:08:07] General, want America [1:08:10] to just stop in Iran. [1:08:13] In the blockade, [1:08:17] bring all of our warriors home. [1:08:21] What would be the consequences [1:08:23] of that in your estimation? [1:08:28] Sir, I think termination criteria [1:08:30] is always a political decision. [1:08:33] However, I assess that [1:08:34] Iran will continue [1:08:37] to be a challenge moving forward. [1:08:39] So we have to be thoughtful about that. [1:08:41] Will they put tolls on the straight? [1:08:43] I don't know, sir. [1:08:44] That's a decision that's a hypothetical [1:08:46] and will depend on what happens [1:08:47] in the future. [1:08:48] It's not hypothetical. [1:08:49] We've got a blockade to stop them. [1:08:52] We do, sir. [1:08:52] That's putting economic pressure on it. [1:08:54] I want you to look me in the eye. [1:08:54] I'm not asking you for, [1:08:56] I'm not trying to get you in trouble. [1:08:58] I know your advice to the president [1:09:00] is private. [1:09:04] But this is serious [1:09:05] as four heart attacks [1:09:07] and a stroke. [1:09:10] Now, what happens [1:09:11] if we come home [1:09:14] and end the blockade [1:09:15] to the world? [1:09:18] Sir, Iran has the potential [1:09:21] to continue to be a threat [1:09:23] and we will need to prepare [1:09:25] military options to do that. [1:09:27] If it's straight. [1:09:28] Sir, that's a hypothetical question [1:09:30] and I don't know the answer to that. [1:09:32] Oh, it's not hypothetical. [1:09:34] We come home. [1:09:35] It's not going to be hypothetical. [1:09:37] You know that, General. [1:09:39] And I do, too. [1:09:40] And I appreciate your discretion. [1:09:43] But we're down to it. [1:09:46] We need some hard answers [1:09:47] and some straight talk. [1:09:50] What will happen, Pete? [1:09:53] Senator, I would agree [1:09:55] with the chairman, [1:09:55] but the likely outcome [1:09:56] is they would try to impose [1:09:57] their will on the waterways [1:09:59] in ways that the world [1:10:01] would not like. [1:10:01] Call it a toll, call it a fee, [1:10:03] call it an exchange, [1:10:04] call it control. [1:10:05] They would do something [1:10:06] that they would try [1:10:07] to hold to that issue. [1:10:08] Yes, sir. [1:10:08] Would they try to [1:10:10] commence development again [1:10:14] of a nuclear warhead? [1:10:18] Part of the reason [1:10:19] President Trump had to have [1:10:19] the courage to do what he did [1:10:20] after Midnight Hammer [1:10:21] is that they didn't give up [1:10:22] their ambitions even though [1:10:23] their nuclear sites [1:10:24] had been obliterated. [1:10:25] So this is a regime [1:10:26] hell-bent on nuclear ambitions [1:10:28] and President Trump's [1:10:29] willing to go after. [1:10:30] Guys, we need straight answers. [1:10:32] We need straight answers. [1:10:32] Do we have the ability [1:10:37] to destroy whatever [1:10:39] is underneath Pickaxe Mountain? [1:10:45] Senator, a lot of our [1:10:46] capabilities are classified, [1:10:47] but if anybody in the world [1:10:48] can reach anything [1:10:49] on God's green earth, [1:10:52] it's the United States military, [1:10:53] the most powerful military [1:10:54] in the world. [1:10:54] It's all about options [1:10:55] and trade-offs. [1:10:56] I'm going to take [1:10:57] a little extra time [1:10:58] because others got it, [1:10:59] Madam Chair. [1:10:59] I won't abuse it. [1:11:01] Secretary, [1:11:01] are shrimpers farmers? [1:11:06] Absolutely, yes. [1:11:07] They're farmers of the sea. [1:11:08] Are oyster harvesters farmers? [1:11:11] Yes. [1:11:11] In this USDA, yes. [1:11:12] Are they having to compete [1:11:13] with other countries [1:11:14] who grow oysters [1:11:15] and shrimp in a ditch [1:11:17] and shoot them [1:11:19] full of antibiotics? [1:11:22] 100% yes. [1:11:23] And if you eat too much [1:11:25] of that foreign shrimp [1:11:30] and oysters, [1:11:31] you'll grow an extra ear, [1:11:32] won't you? [1:11:33] I'm not sure about that, [1:11:35] but I know it is not good. [1:11:36] And I also know we import [1:11:37] 90% of our shrimp. [1:11:38] Why aren't we inspecting [1:11:38] the shrimp and the oysters [1:11:40] from abroad? [1:11:42] Well, it goes much larger [1:11:43] than that. [1:11:43] Why are we importing [1:11:44] so much from abroad, [1:11:45] which goes to the [1:11:46] President's trade agenda? [1:11:47] I'm in big trouble. [1:11:48] Yes, you are. [1:11:51] Guys, look, [1:11:52] we need straight answers now. [1:11:54] We're down to it. [1:11:59] Senator Merkley. [1:12:01] Thank you, Madam Chair [1:12:02] and Secretary Rollins. [1:12:03] I appreciate your partnership [1:12:04] on addressing several issues [1:12:05] in Oregon. [1:12:06] And I sent you information [1:12:08] about a couple others [1:12:09] and you responded. [1:12:10] I appreciate it. [1:12:11] We'll follow up [1:12:11] on the research service. [1:12:13] We'll follow up [1:12:13] on the concern [1:12:14] about in-kind contributions [1:12:17] serving as a match. [1:12:20] But I particularly [1:12:21] need your help [1:12:23] on the fire funding. [1:12:27] And I know you've indicated [1:12:28] how important that is. [1:12:30] where we stand now [1:12:31] is that the Senate [1:12:34] seems hamstrung [1:12:35] that they're seeking [1:12:37] to have OMB [1:12:38] give them a number [1:12:39] on that. [1:12:40] Various sources say [1:12:42] the number is probably [1:12:42] about 5 billion. [1:12:43] I don't really care [1:12:45] if it's 4.5 [1:12:47] or 5 or 5.5. [1:12:48] The point is [1:12:48] that folks here, [1:12:50] senators, [1:12:51] are asking for a number [1:12:52] from OMB [1:12:53] in order to go forward. [1:12:54] And when we're looking [1:12:56] at the fires right now [1:12:57] in my home state, [1:12:58] it's the epicenter [1:12:59] of the highest risk [1:13:00] in the country. [1:13:02] So can we get your help [1:13:03] to get that number [1:13:04] and move this process? [1:13:05] Yes, absolutely. [1:13:07] It is a paramount importance, [1:13:08] especially in the middle [1:13:09] of fire season right now. [1:13:10] Thank you. [1:13:11] Thank you so much. [1:13:12] Thank you. [1:13:12] And Chairman Kane, [1:13:13] I think there was [1:13:17] a sense [1:13:18] that the president expressed [1:13:20] at the start of the war [1:13:21] that the U.S. military power [1:13:25] was overwhelming [1:13:26] and would likely produce [1:13:27] unconditional surrender [1:13:28] quickly by Iran. [1:13:32] And that obviously [1:13:33] hasn't happened. [1:13:35] Was it your opinion [1:13:36] as well? [1:13:37] Did you feel like [1:13:38] our military force [1:13:40] could produce [1:13:41] an unconditional surrender [1:13:43] in quick order? [1:13:43] Sir, I won't. [1:13:46] With due respect, [1:13:48] I won't share [1:13:48] my private advice [1:13:49] to the president. [1:13:50] What I will assure you [1:13:51] and the American people [1:13:52] is I always speak truth [1:13:53] to power [1:13:54] and offer an accurate assessment [1:13:57] of what my assessment is [1:13:59] of both our readiness, [1:14:00] the plans and activities [1:14:01] that might be undertaken, [1:14:04] the associated risks, [1:14:05] and the secondary [1:14:06] and tertiary considerations [1:14:08] that go with those [1:14:09] opinions or options. [1:14:11] Thank you. [1:14:11] So you feel like [1:14:12] the various risks, [1:14:13] that Iran would close [1:14:15] could possibly close the strait, [1:14:17] even despite the destruction [1:14:18] of their navy, [1:14:19] that the possibility [1:14:20] of assassinating [1:14:21] their political leaders [1:14:22] and their military leaders [1:14:23] could produce [1:14:24] a strengthened hardline [1:14:25] and weakened reformers, [1:14:28] that Iran would have [1:14:30] the ability [1:14:30] to sustain its ability [1:14:31] to attack sites [1:14:33] throughout the Middle East, [1:14:34] that the initial requirements [1:14:37] of the war [1:14:38] could surely deplete [1:14:39] our basically [1:14:41] high-end standoff munitions, [1:14:45] that this could affect [1:14:46] our relations [1:14:47] with our allies. [1:14:48] All those were factors [1:14:49] well considered [1:14:50] in this decision [1:14:51] to go to war? [1:14:52] Sir, as I said, [1:14:54] I won't opine on [1:14:55] or share my private advice [1:14:57] to the president. [1:14:57] Yeah, I'm not asking [1:14:58] about your advice, [1:14:58] the president. [1:14:58] I'm asking you. [1:14:59] Did you understand [1:15:00] these issues [1:15:01] or have these become revelations [1:15:02] as the war has unfolded? [1:15:03] Sir, my job is to understand [1:15:05] all of the considerations [1:15:07] that go into [1:15:08] the carefully considered [1:15:09] use of military power. [1:15:11] Let me ask you this then. [1:15:12] Yes, sir. [1:15:12] I understand [1:15:13] why you don't want to respond, [1:15:14] but these are all massive risks [1:15:18] that seem to be poorly weighed [1:15:20] in the beginning [1:15:21] of this misadventure. [1:15:24] Currently, there are reports [1:15:26] that we have hit [1:15:27] the Banshee desalination plant [1:15:29] that provides water [1:15:30] to about 20 villages [1:15:31] or about 10,000 people, [1:15:33] and we also damage [1:15:33] the desalination plant [1:15:35] at Kesham Island. [1:15:36] Were these deliberate targets [1:15:39] by the United States? [1:15:41] Sir, I'm not aware [1:15:41] of those as being [1:15:42] particular targets, [1:15:44] nor am I aware [1:15:44] of those reports, [1:15:46] and I'll have to go back [1:15:47] and get back to you on that. [1:15:48] If you could, [1:15:49] I'd appreciate that. [1:15:50] You are aware [1:15:50] that infrastructure [1:15:51] that civilians rely on [1:15:53] to survive [1:15:53] is not generally considered [1:15:54] legitimate military targets? [1:15:56] Sir, as you know, [1:15:57] we have a robust process [1:15:58] which considers a target [1:16:00] that goes through a system [1:16:02] that looks at a variety [1:16:03] of considerations [1:16:04] to include what you're [1:16:05] alluding to around, [1:16:06] both purely civilian [1:16:08] or dual-use targets. [1:16:09] I have trust [1:16:10] and confidence [1:16:10] in CENTCOM [1:16:11] that they're looking [1:16:13] at the range [1:16:14] of those things [1:16:14] on a daily basis. [1:16:15] It sounds like [1:16:16] you are assuring us [1:16:17] that we will, [1:16:18] the United States, [1:16:18] not target, [1:16:20] even in retaliatory sense, [1:16:22] infrastructure [1:16:24] that is generally [1:16:25] considered to be primarily [1:16:27] for civilian survival. [1:16:30] as I mentioned, [1:16:31] we have a robust process [1:16:33] and we have the most [1:16:35] professional military force [1:16:37] It would just be nice [1:16:37] to have you say yes [1:16:38] because this is international law. [1:16:40] You understand the international law. [1:16:42] I do, sir. [1:16:43] I've got a lot of lawyers [1:16:44] that help me understand it. [1:16:45] Thank you. [1:16:46] Yes, sir. [1:16:46] Will you get back to us [1:16:48] on that question [1:16:49] of whether we targeted [1:16:49] the desalination plants [1:16:51] and if so, why? [1:16:55] My time's up [1:16:56] but I do want [1:16:57] to express encouragement [1:17:00] to look at [1:17:02] what the negotiators [1:17:03] have put forward [1:17:04] or advisors [1:17:05] as to whether [1:17:07] a 10-day break [1:17:09] could facilitate [1:17:10] returning to dialogue [1:17:11] that might find [1:17:12] a path forward. [1:17:14] Senator Hyde-Smith. [1:17:18] Thank you, Madam Chairman [1:17:19] and I want to thank [1:17:19] all three of you [1:17:20] for being here today. [1:17:22] I am going to direct [1:17:23] my first question [1:17:24] to Secretary Rollins [1:17:26] and again [1:17:26] I want to commend you [1:17:28] publicly for the outstanding [1:17:30] job you're doing [1:17:31] at USDA. [1:17:32] You know, this is my world [1:17:34] as former Ag Commissioner. [1:17:36] I hear from a lot [1:17:37] of producers [1:17:38] in Mississippi [1:17:39] and they are so pleased [1:17:41] with your performance [1:17:42] and that is just [1:17:44] truly genuine right there. [1:17:46] But I'm pleased [1:17:47] to see the administration's [1:17:48] supplemental request [1:17:49] as for Ag Producers [1:17:51] because before I comment [1:17:53] on that I just want [1:17:54] the entire committee [1:17:55] and administration [1:17:56] to take note [1:17:57] of the tremendous [1:17:58] timber losses [1:17:59] as well in places [1:18:00] like Mississippi [1:18:01] due to winter storms [1:18:03] and the tornadoes [1:18:04] we've had there. [1:18:05] It is significant [1:18:06] and I certainly look forward [1:18:08] to working with you [1:18:09] with the concerns [1:18:12] of the timber sector. [1:18:14] Regarding the supplemental, [1:18:16] you know, [1:18:16] our row crop producers [1:18:17] as you've mentioned [1:18:18] in your opening remarks, [1:18:20] they are truly [1:18:22] in a serious situation. [1:18:25] I've talked to [1:18:26] multi-generation farmers [1:18:27] back home [1:18:28] who are the best [1:18:29] of the best [1:18:30] that did not even plant [1:18:32] this year [1:18:33] because they could not [1:18:34] make the numbers work. [1:18:36] And producers [1:18:37] in Mississippi [1:18:38] and nationwide, [1:18:39] you know, [1:18:39] we continue to face [1:18:41] these economic conditions. [1:18:42] They're not going away [1:18:44] anytime immediately [1:18:45] or soon, [1:18:46] but we've seen [1:18:47] the commodity prices drop [1:18:49] and the input costs [1:18:51] just go through the roof. [1:18:53] If we want [1:18:54] the next generation [1:18:55] to stay on the land, [1:18:57] Congress, [1:18:58] we're going to have [1:18:59] to take this opportunity [1:19:00] to provide [1:19:02] this critical market assistance [1:19:04] for our farmers [1:19:05] and enact policies [1:19:07] that build structural demands [1:19:10] for commodities [1:19:11] like the Buy American Cotton Act [1:19:13] that year-round E15, [1:19:17] all of which [1:19:18] would make the paths [1:19:19] better, [1:19:21] more favorable [1:19:21] for these producers [1:19:23] going forward. [1:19:24] But I appreciate [1:19:25] the administration's effort [1:19:27] to this date, [1:19:28] including the farmer [1:19:29] bridge assistance program [1:19:31] that was so valuable, [1:19:32] implementation [1:19:33] of the updated farm safety net [1:19:35] with Working Families Tax Cut Act [1:19:37] and now the supplemental request [1:19:40] before Congress. [1:19:41] But will you speak [1:19:42] to why it's critical [1:19:43] for Congress [1:19:45] to act swiftly [1:19:46] to pass this supplemental [1:19:48] and the need for us [1:19:49] to pass legislation [1:19:50] that drives the demand [1:19:52] for farmers' products? [1:19:55] Yes, thank you, [1:19:55] Senator, [1:19:56] for your kind words. [1:19:57] A couple of really [1:19:58] important points. [1:19:58] Number one, [1:19:59] as we work to open [1:20:00] the markets around the world [1:20:01] and we're seeing, [1:20:02] as I mentioned [1:20:02] in my opening remarks, [1:20:04] just extraordinary numbers, [1:20:05] that $50 billion [1:20:06] agricultural deficit [1:20:07] we inherited a year [1:20:09] and a half ago [1:20:09] is now down [1:20:10] into the $20-ish billion. [1:20:12] We expect it to go down [1:20:13] significantly this year. [1:20:15] Again, the highest price [1:20:17] we've seen in over a year [1:20:18] in corn is today [1:20:19] and soybeans is today, etc. [1:20:21] Your point, Senator, [1:20:22] about opening up [1:20:23] the domestic markets [1:20:24] is really important, [1:20:25] whether that's E15, [1:20:27] renewable fuel standards. [1:20:28] Obviously, the RVOs came out, [1:20:29] which is a reason [1:20:30] for the drive-up [1:20:31] in some of our row crop prices [1:20:32] in the last month, [1:20:33] which is really important. [1:20:34] But also, as I mentioned, [1:20:36] bringing the cost of inputs down. [1:20:38] We are expanding fertilizer, [1:20:39] the largest ammonia plant [1:20:41] we're going to break ground [1:20:42] in Louisiana in two weeks, [1:20:43] reshoring, bringing back to America [1:20:45] real fertilizer production. [1:20:47] And then also the long term, [1:20:49] we've got to figure out [1:20:50] how we are doing these supplementals [1:20:53] and these bridge payments, [1:20:54] which we have to do [1:20:55] for these farmers to survive. [1:20:57] But what we're seeing [1:20:58] is just survival. [1:21:00] And we're seeing [1:21:00] a lot of the input companies, [1:21:01] equipment, seed, fertilizer, [1:21:03] make record profit. [1:21:05] So we've got to be able [1:21:06] to dig into that as well. [1:21:07] But as of today, [1:21:08] ensuring that we can keep [1:21:10] these farmers farming [1:21:11] while we're opening the markets, [1:21:12] while we're bringing down [1:21:13] the cost of inputs, [1:21:14] is paramount for a secure America. [1:21:16] And that's why [1:21:17] this is so important today. [1:21:19] Thank you very, very much for that. [1:21:21] And Secretary Headsworth, [1:21:23] thank you for being here [1:21:24] and the amazing job [1:21:25] that you're doing. [1:21:26] I have the utmost respect for you, [1:21:28] your team, [1:21:29] and what you're accomplishing. [1:21:31] But I as well am committed [1:21:32] to ensuring that our warfighters [1:21:35] have all the tools necessary [1:21:37] to accomplish the mission in Iran [1:21:39] and whatever else that they need [1:21:41] to defend our nation's interest. [1:21:44] The supplemental request [1:21:45] is in line with that goal. [1:21:47] And I'd like to shift [1:21:48] my conversation right now quickly [1:21:50] to shipbuilding, [1:21:51] which is extremely important [1:21:53] to the state of Mississippi [1:21:54] and our country's ability [1:21:56] to protect itself. [1:21:58] The President's FY 2027 budget [1:22:01] requests funding [1:22:02] for one DDG-51, [1:22:05] while Navy leaders [1:22:06] have said their goal remains [1:22:08] to build two destroyers a year. [1:22:10] And at the same time, [1:22:12] the Department is exploring options [1:22:13] for using Allied shipyards [1:22:15] and overseas fabrication [1:22:17] in future naval construction, [1:22:19] which raises questions [1:22:20] about the long-term role [1:22:21] of the American naval industrial base [1:22:24] or shifting work away [1:22:25] from domestic shipbuilders. [1:22:28] Shipyards like Ingalls [1:22:29] in Mississippi, [1:22:30] which I would love [1:22:31] to invite you down to there. [1:22:33] It is amazing. [1:22:34] And the thousands of suppliers [1:22:36] and small businesses [1:22:37] they support, [1:22:38] they need the confidence [1:22:39] that the work will be there [1:22:40] so they can invest [1:22:41] in new facilities, [1:22:43] hire and train skilled workers [1:22:44] and expand capacity [1:22:46] that we will need in the future. [1:22:48] Will you help [1:22:49] or talk to us [1:22:50] about the Department's [1:22:51] short and long-term [1:22:52] shipbuilding plan [1:22:54] and how it gives industry [1:22:55] the confidence to invest? [1:22:56] You just made the case [1:22:59] for this generational investment. [1:23:01] Because of the underinvestment, [1:23:02] Senator, in shipbuilding [1:23:03] in the previous administration, [1:23:05] just static, flat, bureaucratic, slow, [1:23:09] we're having to revitalize [1:23:10] that industry. [1:23:11] And one DDG is a reflection [1:23:12] of a backlog in capability. [1:23:14] So as we ramp on more capacity, [1:23:17] those numbers of DDGs, [1:23:18] the workhorse of our Navy, [1:23:19] will go up as we grow that force. [1:23:21] The senator's time has expired. [1:23:23] Senator Coons. [1:23:25] Thank you, Chairman Collins, [1:23:26] ranking member of Murray. [1:23:28] Thank you, Secretary Hegseth, [1:23:30] Secretary Rollins, [1:23:31] General Cain, for your service. [1:23:33] I want to start [1:23:33] with the things [1:23:34] I know we agree on. [1:23:36] We agree that we should [1:23:38] honor our fallen, [1:23:39] that we should stop [1:23:40] and remember them [1:23:40] and console and comfort [1:23:42] their families, [1:23:43] that we should be mindful [1:23:44] of the hundreds of Americans [1:23:46] who've been wounded [1:23:47] and injured in this war in Iran. [1:23:50] General Cain, [1:23:51] your observations [1:23:52] about how our adversaries [1:23:53] are aligning more [1:23:55] and more closely. [1:23:55] Technology is accelerating [1:23:57] and cheap and lethal [1:23:58] and easily accessible drones [1:24:00] pose greater and greater risks [1:24:01] to our troops, [1:24:02] our homeland, [1:24:03] and our security. [1:24:04] And Secretary Hegseth, [1:24:06] that we need to protect our troops [1:24:07] wherever our president directs them, [1:24:10] that we need to protect [1:24:10] our partners and allies, [1:24:12] and that the dangerous, [1:24:13] radical Iranian regime [1:24:14] should never possess [1:24:15] a nuclear weapon. [1:24:16] I think we agree [1:24:17] on all of these core basic points. [1:24:19] Where I think we may disagree [1:24:21] is on this supplemental [1:24:23] and on the strategic choices [1:24:25] made to achieve [1:24:26] some of these core goals. [1:24:28] We're 143 days [1:24:29] into a war with Iran, [1:24:31] a war of choice [1:24:31] that we started with Israel, [1:24:33] but did not include, [1:24:35] consult, or incorporate [1:24:36] our core allies, [1:24:38] our NATO allies, [1:24:38] our regional allies, [1:24:40] the American people, [1:24:41] and Congress. [1:24:42] And the reason to consult [1:24:44] and include our allies [1:24:45] and Congress [1:24:46] and the American people [1:24:47] is so that when the costs [1:24:49] and the length of a war [1:24:51] extend beyond [1:24:52] what we'd initially imagined, [1:24:54] the American people [1:24:54] and their representatives [1:24:55] in Congress [1:24:56] understand that sacrifice [1:24:57] and can continue [1:24:58] to support it. [1:25:00] I think your first strategic mistake [1:25:01] was to not consult [1:25:03] the American people in Congress [1:25:04] and make a clear case [1:25:06] for the reasons behind this war. [1:25:09] There have been many, [1:25:10] lots offered. [1:25:11] And I think our military [1:25:12] has executed [1:25:13] on the core missions, [1:25:15] attack ballistic missile sites, [1:25:17] sink the Blue Water Navy, [1:25:20] attack their proxies, [1:25:21] constrain their capacity. [1:25:23] But I frankly think [1:25:24] it was entirely foreseeable [1:25:25] that Iran would close [1:25:27] the Strait of Hormuz, [1:25:29] would use cheap, lethal, [1:25:30] widely available Shahed drones [1:25:31] that they've led the world [1:25:32] in manufacturing [1:25:33] to attack our bases, [1:25:35] our troops, [1:25:36] our partners and allies, [1:25:37] and impose real costs. [1:25:39] Higher costs in fertilizer, [1:25:41] in fuel, [1:25:42] higher costs for the world, [1:25:43] and tragically, [1:25:44] increasingly higher human costs [1:25:46] for us and for our troops. [1:25:47] So, two questions, [1:25:50] two general lines of questioning, [1:25:51] if I could. [1:25:52] Mr. Secretary, [1:25:53] your question says, [1:25:54] without these supplemental funds, [1:25:56] we will face critical shortfalls [1:25:57] that threaten our ability [1:25:59] to pay our service members [1:26:00] and sustain global operations [1:26:02] without disruption. [1:26:04] You've been asked repeatedly, [1:26:05] there's $75 billion [1:26:06] appropriated but unobligated. [1:26:10] Can we really not avoid [1:26:11] critical short-term shortfalls? [1:26:13] What does that mean [1:26:14] about the budget management [1:26:15] within the department [1:26:16] in terms of unexpected [1:26:19] and unbudgeted wars, [1:26:21] first Operation Southern Spare [1:26:24] and then Operation Epic Fury? [1:26:28] I would just note, [1:26:30] I was sort of updated, [1:26:31] 95% of that [1:26:32] One Big Beautiful Bill funding [1:26:33] will be allocated [1:26:34] by the end of September [1:26:35] in accordance [1:26:36] with congressional intent. [1:26:37] So these are things [1:26:38] we are, [1:26:39] we said we would spend, [1:26:40] and we told you [1:26:41] we would spend them on, [1:26:42] and we plan to spend them [1:26:42] on those things [1:26:43] by the end of September. [1:26:44] So this is a new request [1:26:46] based on new realities [1:26:48] of a world we face, [1:26:50] stepping up to meet that moment. [1:26:52] And ultimately- [1:26:53] And forgive me, Mr. Secretary, [1:26:53] but that's news to me, [1:26:55] that that $75 billion [1:26:57] will be out the door, [1:26:59] appropriated, sorry, [1:27:00] allocated and spent [1:27:01] by September. [1:27:03] And I was simply questioning [1:27:04] how we have ships [1:27:07] running out of fuel [1:27:07] in the open seas [1:27:09] and planes being grounded [1:27:10] and- [1:27:11] I didn't say ships [1:27:11] were running out of fuel [1:27:12] in open seas [1:27:13] or planes were grounded. [1:27:14] I'm saying we have to make trade-offs. [1:27:15] But the operations and maintenance accounts [1:27:16] are running out of money. [1:27:16] Everything our troops need [1:27:17] on the battlefield, [1:27:18] they're getting in spades and beyond. [1:27:21] It's ultimately looking into the future. [1:27:22] Can we invest above and beyond that [1:27:24] the types of munitions [1:27:26] fast enough [1:27:27] as we upgrade [1:27:28] and modernize our force? [1:27:29] That's what's at issue here [1:27:30] in this $1.5 trillion, [1:27:32] this supplemental [1:27:32] and any other additional funding [1:27:34] that comes. [1:27:35] Two quite different things, [1:27:36] a $1.5 trillion [1:27:37] base budget request [1:27:38] and a now $76 billion [1:27:41] supplemental. [1:27:42] And I was simply going to point to [1:27:44] A, Department of Homeland Security [1:27:46] is sitting on nearly $100 billion [1:27:48] in unobligated funds. [1:27:51] You haven't requested reimbursement [1:27:53] for the millions of- [1:27:54] frankly, billions of dollars [1:27:55] the department has spent [1:27:56] on law enforcement. [1:27:58] Second- [1:27:58] We've requested reimbursement [1:28:01] and are getting a substantial reimbursement [1:28:03] from DHS. [1:28:04] That's good news [1:28:05] and that's news to me. [1:28:06] And frankly, [1:28:08] as we reflect on the service [1:28:09] and sacrifice of those [1:28:10] who put their lives [1:28:12] on the line of this war, [1:28:13] one of the things I've raised [1:28:14] over and over and over [1:28:15] is the ways in which [1:28:17] this administration [1:28:18] has dragged its feet [1:28:19] on partnering with Ukraine [1:28:21] in order to deploy [1:28:23] the best-in-class sensors, [1:28:25] detectors, [1:28:26] and counter-drone systems [1:28:27] to protect everything [1:28:28] from Dover Air Force Base [1:28:30] to our bases in the region [1:28:32] to our troops, [1:28:33] to our partners. [1:28:34] I want to see you focus [1:28:36] on accelerating the defense [1:28:38] of our troops and our nation, [1:28:40] focus on accelerating [1:28:41] the defense of our troops [1:28:43] and this region, [1:28:44] and a strategy [1:28:45] that has a real chance [1:28:47] at succeeding [1:28:48] at the goals that we agree on. [1:28:50] Because the strategy followed, [1:28:51] I think, [1:28:52] has no credible likelihood [1:28:53] of success. [1:28:56] Senator Brett. [1:28:58] Thank you, Madam Chair. [1:28:59] I appreciate all of you [1:29:00] being here today. [1:29:01] So, since the beginning [1:29:03] of Putin's aggression [1:29:06] into Ukraine, [1:29:10] this body has passed [1:29:11] five supplemental bills [1:29:13] funding different portions [1:29:15] of that war. [1:29:17] You mentioned in your opening, [1:29:19] Mr. Secretary, [1:29:20] about not getting [1:29:23] those munitions [1:29:24] that had come through [1:29:25] this body quick enough [1:29:27] to Ukraine [1:29:28] and also being able [1:29:30] to replenish those [1:29:31] here at home. [1:29:33] Can you talk a little bit [1:29:34] more about that? [1:29:35] Because I remember [1:29:36] the previous administration [1:29:37] dragging its feet [1:29:39] after this body [1:29:41] gave them directive [1:29:42] as to what to do. [1:29:43] So, can you shed [1:29:43] a little bit more light [1:29:44] as to what you were talking [1:29:45] about in your opening? [1:29:47] Well, thank you [1:29:47] for that question. [1:29:48] Sometimes we forget [1:29:49] recent history, [1:29:50] which under the Biden [1:29:51] administration, [1:29:52] there were five [1:29:52] supplemental requests [1:29:54] for Ukraine, [1:29:55] which almost every member [1:29:56] of this body voted for [1:29:57] to send rapidly [1:29:58] in a bipartisan fashion [1:30:00] for something that this [1:30:01] committee and the [1:30:02] administration deemed [1:30:03] to be urgent. [1:30:05] President Trump may take [1:30:06] a different view, [1:30:07] but that was the view [1:30:07] of the Biden administration. [1:30:08] And real quick, [1:30:09] wouldn't you say [1:30:09] it would be urgent [1:30:10] to make sure that our men [1:30:11] and women in uniform right [1:30:12] now have everything [1:30:13] that they need? [1:30:13] I would argue providing [1:30:14] for American men and women [1:30:16] as opposed to Ukrainian men [1:30:18] and women is a higher [1:30:19] priority for the United States [1:30:21] Senate. [1:30:22] So, five supplementals [1:30:23] that went to Ukraine, [1:30:24] as good as that cause may be, [1:30:26] why is that righteous to do, [1:30:28] but funding troops [1:30:29] in harm's way right now, [1:30:31] given the threat [1:30:33] and what they're undertaking, [1:30:34] this is a partisan exercise? [1:30:36] It's hypocrisy. [1:30:38] And I appreciate you [1:30:38] pointing it out. [1:30:39] Real quick, [1:30:40] Madam Secretary, [1:30:42] question for you. [1:30:43] When the Russia-Ukraine war [1:30:44] started, [1:30:46] we saw obviously cost [1:30:47] go up around the world. [1:30:49] In particular, [1:30:50] in that region, [1:30:51] we know that supplying [1:30:52] of fertilizer, [1:30:53] you know, [1:30:54] was tremendous. [1:30:54] We also know Ukraine [1:30:56] was top five [1:30:57] when it came to wheat [1:30:58] and corn [1:30:59] and other things [1:31:00] that we utilize, [1:31:01] you know, [1:31:02] across the globe. [1:31:04] It's my recollection [1:31:06] that fertilizer went up [1:31:08] about 55%. [1:31:09] Obviously, [1:31:10] if we were able [1:31:11] to create stability [1:31:12] there in the region [1:31:14] and have peace, [1:31:15] it would follow that [1:31:17] then prices would likely [1:31:18] go down over time [1:31:20] within the agriculture world [1:31:21] as well. [1:31:22] Is that fair? [1:31:23] Yes, that's correct. [1:31:25] Okay. [1:31:25] And when we're looking [1:31:26] at the Ukraine [1:31:27] and Russia war [1:31:29] and trying to end [1:31:32] Putin's aggression, [1:31:33] trying to bring peace, [1:31:35] General Kaine, [1:31:36] if we were to cut off [1:31:37] the funding [1:31:39] that Russia was getting, [1:31:43] would it follow [1:31:44] that that would be [1:31:45] a driver that could [1:31:46] possibly lead Putin [1:31:48] to the table? [1:31:51] Senator, yes. [1:31:52] And their economy [1:31:53] is struggling now. [1:31:55] Thank you. [1:31:55] And we also know, [1:31:57] I saw reports this weekend, [1:31:58] that it is said [1:31:59] that possibly Russia [1:32:00] and China, [1:32:02] which I know [1:32:02] you can't comment [1:32:03] on right now, [1:32:04] but are actually [1:32:05] helping Iran, [1:32:07] whether it is targeting [1:32:08] our troops, [1:32:10] funding, [1:32:10] and other mechanisms. [1:32:11] So a thing [1:32:11] that we could all agree [1:32:13] that ending that [1:32:14] would be helpful. [1:32:16] I want to just echo [1:32:17] Senator Kennedy's comments [1:32:18] that I think [1:32:19] the sooner we can get [1:32:20] this bill on the floor [1:32:21] and passed, [1:32:22] it would be huge [1:32:24] with regards [1:32:25] to Russian sanctions. [1:32:27] Also, I want to just [1:32:28] talk briefly [1:32:28] about the dysfunction [1:32:29] of this body. [1:32:30] So my question [1:32:31] is for you, [1:32:32] Mr. Secretary, [1:32:33] and you, General Kaine. [1:32:35] I would have to think [1:32:36] that our adversaries, [1:32:37] and I believe [1:32:38] that we need to [1:32:38] fully fund [1:32:39] our military, [1:32:40] making sure [1:32:41] that our warfighter [1:32:43] is the best ready, [1:32:44] trained, [1:32:44] and equipped [1:32:44] across the planet. [1:32:45] I think we have [1:32:46] an obligation [1:32:47] and a duty [1:32:47] to not only meet [1:32:48] the needs [1:32:48] of the moment, [1:32:49] but to also look [1:32:50] at what's to come [1:32:51] and be preparing [1:32:52] for that. [1:32:53] You talked about [1:32:53] an insurance policy. [1:32:54] You talked about [1:32:55] what we need to do. [1:32:56] Now is the time [1:32:57] to do those things, [1:32:58] but I would have [1:32:58] to think that [1:32:59] the dysfunction [1:32:59] of this body, [1:33:01] whether it's [1:33:01] the full shutdown, [1:33:02] a partial shutdown, [1:33:04] a partial shutdown, [1:33:05] not being able [1:33:06] to pass NDAA, [1:33:07] not being able [1:33:08] to pass FISA, [1:33:09] I would have to think [1:33:10] that our adversaries [1:33:11] look at that [1:33:13] and it gives them [1:33:14] a little bit more [1:33:15] credence [1:33:17] as to what they're [1:33:18] doing abroad. [1:33:19] Can either one of you [1:33:20] comment on that? [1:33:21] Thank you, Senator. [1:33:22] That's why I have said [1:33:23] and I will continue [1:33:24] to say that the inability [1:33:25] to properly fund [1:33:26] this department, [1:33:27] the Department of War, [1:33:28] is probably the single [1:33:28] greatest threat [1:33:29] our nation faces. [1:33:30] Whether or not [1:33:31] we will make [1:33:32] a generational investment [1:33:33] in not just winning [1:33:34] the wars currently [1:33:35] but deterring [1:33:35] the wars of the future, [1:33:36] given the step change [1:33:37] in technology [1:33:38] of this moment [1:33:39] and the underfunding [1:33:40] of the previous administration, [1:33:41] you didn't mention [1:33:42] continued resolutions, [1:33:43] which is a whole other way [1:33:44] our department [1:33:45] has foolishly budgeted. [1:33:47] So I appreciate you [1:33:48] highlighting that. [1:33:49] It's very true. [1:33:49] Yeah, and General Cain, [1:33:51] question for you. [1:33:51] Obviously, a shutdown [1:33:52] is just a terrible thing [1:33:55] for the Department of War [1:33:57] and the men and women [1:33:58] that you oversee. [1:33:59] But I would assume [1:34:00] that a CR [1:34:01] is not much better. [1:34:02] Can you comment [1:34:02] on the effects of that? [1:34:05] Ma'am, the department's [1:34:06] done a lot of work [1:34:07] to bind together [1:34:09] founders, funders, [1:34:10] and fighters [1:34:11] as we look to the challenges [1:34:13] that we face [1:34:13] in the future. [1:34:14] And a CR would hurt badly [1:34:16] the effort [1:34:16] to properly arm [1:34:17] the joint force. [1:34:18] I hope we can work together [1:34:19] to do the right thing. [1:34:21] Thanks. [1:34:21] The people are depending on it. [1:34:23] Senator Schatz. [1:34:24] Thank you, Chair. [1:34:25] Thank you, Secretaries [1:34:26] and General, [1:34:27] for being here. [1:34:28] I want to start [1:34:29] by paying my respects [1:34:32] to First Lieutenant [1:34:33] Tyler Feehan [1:34:34] of Ewa Beach, Hawaii, [1:34:36] who was among those killed [1:34:37] in Jordan this weekend [1:34:39] while serving our country. [1:34:41] His courage, [1:34:41] selfless dedication, [1:34:42] and unwavering commitment [1:34:43] to duty [1:34:44] reflect the very best [1:34:46] of our armed forces. [1:34:48] We extend our deepest condolences [1:34:50] to his family, [1:34:51] his loved ones, [1:34:52] his fellow service members, [1:34:54] and remain forever grateful [1:34:56] for his sacrifice. [1:35:01] Secretary, [1:35:02] about 190,000 people [1:35:04] in the state of Hawaii, [1:35:06] believe it or not, [1:35:06] voted for Donald John Trump. [1:35:08] And I know a lot of them [1:35:09] and I represent all of them. [1:35:11] And one of the reasons [1:35:13] that they were enthusiastic [1:35:15] about Donald Trump [1:35:16] and you, Mr. Secretary, [1:35:17] was that they thought [1:35:19] that we were going to have [1:35:22] a new foreign policy. [1:35:25] And that I think, [1:35:26] I'm paraphrasing, [1:35:27] but I think you characterized [1:35:28] yourself as a reformed neocon [1:35:30] or some such thing. [1:35:31] And people were pretty thrilled [1:35:33] about the idea [1:35:33] that we were going to, [1:35:35] that America First, [1:35:36] in their mind, [1:35:38] meant that we were going to not do [1:35:40] this kind of adventurism. [1:35:43] And so, [1:35:44] I don't want you to answer me, [1:35:45] I want you to answer them. [1:35:47] And I want to walk through [1:35:48] the sort of stated objectives [1:35:50] of this war [1:35:52] at the outset. [1:35:54] Regime change. [1:35:57] We now have a younger [1:35:58] and more radical regime. [1:36:02] Depleting, eliminating [1:36:03] their conventional [1:36:04] missile capability. [1:36:06] It's true that we've depleted [1:36:08] their conventional [1:36:09] missile capability. [1:36:10] It's also true that [1:36:11] anything the Department of War [1:36:13] sets out to do, [1:36:15] it usually succeeds at. [1:36:16] So the question is not, [1:36:17] do we kick ass? [1:36:19] It's when do we decide [1:36:20] to use kinetic engagement [1:36:22] to extend our power [1:36:26] across the globe? [1:36:28] And it's clear that Iran [1:36:30] still retains enough [1:36:31] conventional missile capability [1:36:33] to attack our bases [1:36:35] and our interests [1:36:36] in the region. [1:36:37] Now, it's true [1:36:39] that the Blue Water Navy [1:36:40] is destroyed. [1:36:40] It's also true, [1:36:41] and you know this, [1:36:42] that the IRGC [1:36:43] has something [1:36:44] that you may not call [1:36:45] a Navy, [1:36:45] but it's got capabilities [1:36:47] to touch us [1:36:49] with drones [1:36:50] and missiles [1:36:51] and lay mines [1:36:53] in the Strait of Hormuz, [1:36:56] preventing [1:36:57] their nuclear capability. [1:36:59] It's also true [1:36:59] that if you bomb [1:37:00] the crap out of a place, [1:37:01] they're going to have [1:37:01] less capabilities [1:37:02] by the end of it. [1:37:03] But it's also true [1:37:04] that we have not eliminated [1:37:06] their nuclear capability. [1:37:07] And whatever duration [1:37:09] we've set them back [1:37:10] actually pales [1:37:11] in comparison to the, [1:37:13] and I'll say it, [1:37:14] the Obama nuclear deal, [1:37:16] which we did [1:37:16] without having [1:37:17] to put our people [1:37:20] in harm's way. [1:37:22] And then the last objective, [1:37:23] which has become [1:37:24] a new objective, [1:37:25] is open up [1:37:27] the Strait of Hormuz, [1:37:28] but the Strait of Hormuz [1:37:29] was open [1:37:29] before this war started. [1:37:32] And so you tell [1:37:33] my constituents [1:37:34] why this war [1:37:36] is going so well. [1:37:41] I think you did [1:37:41] accurately portray me [1:37:43] as a reformed neocon, [1:37:45] and members of our generation [1:37:46] in Iraq and Afghanistan [1:37:47] watched administrations [1:37:49] on both sides [1:37:49] try to project [1:37:50] some remaking [1:37:51] of a society [1:37:52] in the image of America [1:37:53] that spent thousands of lives. [1:37:55] I mean, in Iraq, [1:37:56] you know, 15, [1:37:58] I don't know the exact number, [1:37:59] but tens of thousands [1:38:00] between Iraq and Afghanistan, [1:38:01] men and women lost. [1:38:02] President Trump said, [1:38:03] we're not fighting [1:38:04] stupid wars like that again. [1:38:06] And he hasn't. [1:38:07] That's why we haven't [1:38:07] been trying to remake [1:38:08] Iranian society, [1:38:09] but simply in a realist [1:38:11] America-first way, [1:38:12] ensure they never have a path [1:38:14] to a nuclear bomb full stop. [1:38:16] And he has said, [1:38:17] as a candidate, [1:38:18] and he said as a private citizen, [1:38:20] Iran can never have [1:38:21] a nuclear weapon [1:38:21] because radical Islamists [1:38:22] with a nuclear weapon [1:38:23] will wield it over our head [1:38:24] in perpetuity. [1:38:26] So President Trump [1:38:27] ran on fighting wars differently [1:38:28] and were doing so overwhelmingly. [1:38:30] And he was very clear [1:38:31] as a candidate [1:38:32] that Iran can never have [1:38:33] a nuclear capability. [1:38:34] So I think he's directly on par [1:38:35] with exactly what he said. [1:38:36] I think we're understanding [1:38:42] the limits of air power here [1:38:43] because we're basically [1:38:46] at a stalemate. [1:38:48] Someone says the Strait of Hormuz [1:38:49] is closed, [1:38:50] and we say, [1:38:51] well, we've got a naval blockade, [1:38:53] and we're just going to see [1:38:54] who blinks first. [1:38:56] And the truth is, [1:38:57] in order to sort of change [1:38:58] the balance here, [1:39:01] change the equation here, [1:39:03] some kind of escalation [1:39:04] would have to be considered. [1:39:06] And if you're taking that [1:39:07] off the table [1:39:07] than we are [1:39:08] in a holding pattern, [1:39:11] and I go back [1:39:11] to the original five objectives [1:39:13] and none of them [1:39:14] have been met. [1:39:15] Some of them have changed, [1:39:16] but none of them [1:39:17] have been met. [1:39:19] And with gas at now 4.02, [1:39:21] with the Brent crude hit 90 today, [1:39:23] up from 72 weeks ago, [1:39:25] gas up about a buck nationwide, [1:39:27] about a buck 50 [1:39:28] in the state of Hawaii, [1:39:29] people want to know, [1:39:31] why are we even doing this? [1:39:33] Senator Fischer. [1:39:39] Thank you, Madam Chair. [1:39:41] Secretary Higgs, Seth, [1:39:42] I appreciated your perspective [1:39:44] on the focus [1:39:46] on the four-year war [1:39:48] in comparison [1:39:50] to a four-month war [1:39:52] with a nuclear adversary. [1:39:55] And I thought [1:39:56] it was very well said. [1:39:57] Thank you. [1:39:59] If we want to support Ukraine [1:40:03] going forward, [1:40:04] I think the best way [1:40:06] to do that [1:40:07] is to dramatically increase [1:40:10] munition production. [1:40:11] And we need more interceptors. [1:40:15] We have to be able [1:40:16] to move forward. [1:40:17] So do our allies [1:40:19] and our friends. [1:40:21] And let me emphasize [1:40:23] that this supplemental [1:40:24] does that. [1:40:27] This is what we're talking [1:40:28] about here today. [1:40:29] It's one of the things [1:40:30] that we're talking about. [1:40:32] As a member [1:40:32] of the Armed Services Committee, [1:40:35] one of my priorities [1:40:36] for over five years now [1:40:37] has been on munition production. [1:40:40] General Cain, [1:40:42] what happens [1:40:43] if Congress doesn't fund [1:40:45] this $21 billion request [1:40:47] for additional munitions? [1:40:50] Well, ma'am, [1:40:51] there's been a lot of work [1:40:52] done by the department [1:40:53] to partner [1:40:54] with the private sector. [1:40:55] I'll acknowledge [1:40:56] some of the efforts [1:40:57] that the private sector [1:40:58] is doing [1:40:59] to utilize their own capital [1:41:01] to facilitize factories. [1:41:02] If we don't, [1:41:03] as a team, [1:41:05] figure out [1:41:06] how to properly fund [1:41:08] the department, [1:41:09] then, you know, [1:41:10] we're not going to get [1:41:11] the munitions [1:41:12] and there's going to be [1:41:13] a lack of shared risk [1:41:14] between the federal government [1:41:16] and the private sector. [1:41:17] And I think we're at a point [1:41:18] in time in our history [1:41:19] where we need to partner. [1:41:21] We need to find [1:41:22] an ability to share risk. [1:41:24] We need to be better sellers [1:41:25] and buyers on both sides [1:41:27] in order to make sure [1:41:28] that the young, [1:41:29] all-volunteer force [1:41:30] has the weapons [1:41:31] that they need [1:41:31] before they are asked [1:41:34] to go do something. [1:41:35] What you're saying is [1:41:36] we need to be prepared [1:41:37] as a country. [1:41:39] Yes, ma'am. [1:41:40] And I hope, [1:41:41] as I said in my opening statement, [1:41:43] that we will find a way [1:41:44] to make sure [1:41:46] that we seize this moment [1:41:47] in this time in history [1:41:48] to ensure that we've got [1:41:51] the right mix of munitions, [1:41:52] high, low, scale, autonomous. [1:41:55] What's your plan B [1:41:56] if the supplemental doesn't pass? [1:41:58] What's plan B? [1:41:59] Ma'am, we will always [1:42:01] figure things out. [1:42:02] We will always have contingencies. [1:42:04] We will always determine a way [1:42:07] to create multiple simultaneous dilemmas [1:42:10] for adversaries around the world [1:42:11] in order to create time [1:42:13] for us to do the work [1:42:14] that the Congress [1:42:15] and the Department [1:42:16] needs to do together. [1:42:17] As you've heard me say [1:42:18] a number of times [1:42:19] in our posture hearings [1:42:21] on armed services [1:42:22] and also in classified briefings, [1:42:25] we don't have a lot of time, [1:42:26] do we, sir? [1:42:28] No, ma'am. [1:42:29] That's why I said [1:42:29] if not now, then when [1:42:31] and if not us, then who? [1:42:34] And I truly believe [1:42:35] we're at one of those moments [1:42:36] in history [1:42:37] where we have a choice to make [1:42:38] just given what I see [1:42:40] on the next couple ridgelines [1:42:42] and I encourage us [1:42:44] to move forward. [1:42:45] Thank you. [1:42:46] Mr. Secretary, [1:42:48] how would this request [1:42:49] scale munitions production [1:42:51] and be able to accelerate [1:42:53] our delivery times? [1:42:54] In the past, [1:42:55] previous administrations [1:42:56] would sort of send [1:42:57] the same amount of dollars [1:42:58] into trying to encourage companies [1:43:01] to build another factory [1:43:02] and add an additional shift. [1:43:04] What this munition request does [1:43:06] is fulfills deals [1:43:07] that our department [1:43:08] have cut with these companies. [1:43:09] First, multi-year procurement [1:43:11] where these companies [1:43:12] that make SM3s [1:43:14] or Patriots [1:43:14] or Thads [1:43:15] or Tomahawks. [1:43:16] That was a priority [1:43:16] for our NDAA [1:43:18] a couple years ago [1:43:19] when we put that in. [1:43:20] And you have provided [1:43:21] that authority, [1:43:22] multi-year procurement. [1:43:23] And now those companies [1:43:24] are spending $4 billion, [1:43:26] $5 billion, [1:43:27] $3 billion [1:43:28] on building [1:43:29] their own new factories [1:43:30] that then produce [1:43:31] 2x, 3x, or 4x [1:43:33] the amount of munitions [1:43:34] than they did in the past [1:43:35] and they paid for it. [1:43:37] So actually, [1:43:38] in this budget, [1:43:38] which is $21 billion [1:43:40] as you mentioned, [1:43:41] it saves $18 billion [1:43:42] over the FIDIP [1:43:43] on munitions [1:43:44] because we're buying munitions [1:43:45] at today's cost [1:43:46] and not at five [1:43:48] or seven years from now [1:43:49] when we will also get them. [1:43:50] I hate to interrupt [1:43:51] but we're running out of time. [1:43:53] We also have the request [1:43:54] includes $4.1 billion [1:43:57] for our space-based capabilities [1:43:59] and that includes [1:44:01] the AMTI [1:44:02] and our space data [1:44:04] network capabilities. [1:44:06] And these really underpin [1:44:08] the long-range kill chains [1:44:10] and allow our warfighters [1:44:11] to detect [1:44:12] and also then [1:44:13] to track [1:44:15] the airborne threats. [1:44:17] So, Mr. Secretary, [1:44:18] what's the risk [1:44:18] to the Joint Force [1:44:19] if we delay [1:44:20] these programs [1:44:21] until FY28 [1:44:23] or beyond? [1:44:25] Senator, [1:44:26] not being able to see, [1:44:27] not being able to sense [1:44:28] before an adversary [1:44:29] is able to engage [1:44:31] one of our capabilities [1:44:32] which means falling behind [1:44:33] in the domain of space [1:44:34] which means falling behind [1:44:35] at every other domain. [1:44:36] Great. [1:44:37] Thank you. [1:44:37] And, General Cain, [1:44:38] do you have anything [1:44:38] to add on that [1:44:39] about why Congress [1:44:41] can't wait? [1:44:42] I think you make [1:44:43] such an excellent [1:44:44] case on that. [1:44:47] No, ma'am. [1:44:48] I'll stick with the words [1:44:49] that I offered. [1:44:51] Secretary Rollins, [1:44:52] thank you for your focus [1:44:53] on the year-round sale [1:44:55] of V-15 [1:44:55] for taking care [1:44:56] of the horrible disasters [1:44:59] we've had in Nebraska. [1:45:00] We appreciate you coming out. [1:45:02] And I have a couple things [1:45:04] more, of course, [1:45:05] that I want to bring [1:45:05] to your attention. [1:45:06] But thank you very much. [1:45:08] Thank you, Madam Chair. [1:45:09] Senator Van Hollen. [1:45:11] Thank you, Madam Chair. [1:45:13] Secretary Rollins, [1:45:15] the Beltsville Agricultural [1:45:16] Research Center [1:45:17] in Maryland [1:45:18] is one of the crown jewels [1:45:20] of agriculture research [1:45:22] in the United States. [1:45:23] And my question is simple. [1:45:25] Can we find some time [1:45:26] to get together [1:45:27] in the coming weeks [1:45:28] to discuss the situation there? [1:45:31] Absolutely, yes. [1:45:32] Thank you, Madam Secretary. [1:45:32] Yes. [1:45:33] Let me turn to the Iran war. [1:45:37] We recently lost [1:45:38] three American heroes. [1:45:41] That brings the death toll [1:45:42] for American soldiers [1:45:44] to 18. [1:45:46] One is still missing. [1:45:47] Hundreds have been injured. [1:45:49] That's on top [1:45:50] of the civilian death toll [1:45:52] throughout the region [1:45:52] that now stands [1:45:53] at several thousand, [1:45:56] including the over 150 people [1:45:58] killed in the bombing [1:45:59] of an elementary school [1:46:00] in Midnaab in Iran. [1:46:02] Meanwhile, [1:46:03] the Strait of Hormuz [1:46:04] is closed. [1:46:05] Gas prices today [1:46:07] in the United States [1:46:07] again spiked above [1:46:09] $4 a gallon. [1:46:10] And that will also continue [1:46:12] to push up costs [1:46:13] for groceries [1:46:14] and other things [1:46:15] that families buy. [1:46:18] Secretary Hexth, [1:46:19] you said in your opening statement [1:46:21] the best way to ensure peace [1:46:23] is to prepare for war. [1:46:24] And I agree with you [1:46:25] about deterrence. [1:46:27] I would also submit [1:46:28] that the best way [1:46:29] to ensure peace [1:46:30] is not to start wars [1:46:32] because wars are a lot easier [1:46:34] to start [1:46:34] than they are to end. [1:46:37] General Cain, [1:46:37] I heard your testimony [1:46:38] saying Iran will continue [1:46:40] to be a challenge. [1:46:42] And I think it's pretty clear [1:46:43] that that is in fact the case. [1:46:48] And General, [1:46:49] in order for you [1:46:51] to develop a military strategy [1:46:54] to accomplish [1:46:56] a particular objective, [1:46:58] you obviously need to know [1:46:59] what those objectives are, right? [1:47:04] Yes, sir. [1:47:04] It all starts with [1:47:06] what is the political objective [1:47:09] and from that [1:47:10] we derive military objectives [1:47:12] that support [1:47:13] whatever that end state is. [1:47:14] And as you say, [1:47:15] that is a political objective. [1:47:17] Yes, sir. [1:47:19] So, Mr. Secretary, [1:47:20] you've talked a lot [1:47:21] about winning. [1:47:23] You've talked about winning [1:47:24] in your testimony today. [1:47:25] You've talked about winning [1:47:26] throughout the Iran war. [1:47:28] And we all like winning. [1:47:31] But I think the American people [1:47:32] deserve a definition [1:47:34] of what it means [1:47:36] to win in Iran [1:47:40] because this war [1:47:42] has dragged out [1:47:43] for a lot longer [1:47:44] than certainly [1:47:45] the President of the United States [1:47:46] indicated. [1:47:49] Indeed, the President [1:47:49] said on March 24th, [1:47:52] and I'm quoting, [1:47:54] we've won this war. [1:47:56] This war has been won. [1:47:57] Do you know what [1:47:58] the President meant [1:47:59] by that back in March? [1:48:02] Well, Senator, [1:48:03] I would just note [1:48:03] that militarily, [1:48:05] I mean, Iran has been [1:48:05] completely overmatched [1:48:07] and crushed [1:48:08] from the beginning. [1:48:09] Militarily.